fs/nilfs2/mdt.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
/*
 * Meta data file for NILFS
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2005-2008 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
 *
 * Written by Ryusuke Konishi.
 */

#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/mpage.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "nilfs.h"
#include "btnode.h"
#include "segment.h"
#include "page.h"
#include "mdt.h"
#include "alloc.h"		/* nilfs_palloc_destroy_cache() */

#include <trace/events/nilfs2.h>

#define NILFS_MDT_MAX_RA_BLOCKS		(16 - 1)


static int
nilfs_mdt_insert_new_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long block,
			   struct buffer_head *bh,
			   void (*init_block)(struct inode *,
					      struct buffer_head *, void *))
{
	struct nilfs_inode_info *ii = NILFS_I(inode);
	struct folio *folio = bh->b_folio;
	void *from;
	int ret;

	/* Caller exclude read accesses using page lock */

	/* set_buffer_new(bh); */
	bh->b_blocknr = 0;

	ret = nilfs_bmap_insert(ii->i_bmap, block, (unsigned long)bh);
	if (unlikely(ret))
		return ret;

	set_buffer_mapped(bh);

	/* Initialize block (block size > PAGE_SIZE not yet supported) */
	from = kmap_local_folio(folio, offset_in_folio(folio, bh->b_data));
	memset(from, 0, bh->b_size);
	if (init_block)
		init_block(inode, bh, from);
	kunmap_local(from);

	flush_dcache_folio(folio);

	set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
	nilfs_mdt_mark_dirty(inode);

	trace_nilfs2_mdt_insert_new_block(inode, inode->i_ino, block);

	return 0;
}

static int nilfs_mdt_create_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long block,
				  struct buffer_head **out_bh,
				  void (*init_block)(struct inode *,
						     struct buffer_head *,
						     void *))
{
	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
	struct nilfs_transaction_info ti;
	struct buffer_head *bh;
	int err;

	nilfs_transaction_begin(sb, &ti, 0);

	err = -ENOMEM;
	bh = nilfs_grab_buffer(inode, inode->i_mapping, block, 0);
	if (unlikely(!bh))
		goto failed_unlock;

	err = -EEXIST;
	if (buffer_uptodate(bh))
		goto failed_bh;

	wait_on_buffer(bh);
	if (buffer_uptodate(bh))
		goto failed_bh;

	err = nilfs_mdt_insert_new_block(inode, block, bh, init_block);
	if (likely(!err)) {
		get_bh(bh);
		*out_bh = bh;
	}

 failed_bh:
	folio_unlock(bh->b_folio);
	folio_put(bh->b_folio);
	brelse(bh);

 failed_unlock:
	if (likely(!err))
		err = nilfs_transaction_commit(sb);
	else
		nilfs_transaction_abort(sb);

	return err;
}

static int
nilfs_mdt_submit_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long blkoff, blk_opf_t opf,
		       struct buffer_head **out_bh)
{
	struct buffer_head *bh;
	__u64 blknum = 0;
	int ret = -ENOMEM;

	bh = nilfs_grab_buffer(inode, inode->i_mapping, blkoff, 0);
	if (unlikely(!bh))
		goto failed;

	ret = -EEXIST; /* internal code */
	if (buffer_uptodate(bh))
		goto out;

	if (opf & REQ_RAHEAD) {
		if (!trylock_buffer(bh)) {
			ret = -EBUSY;
			goto failed_bh;
		}
	} else /* opf == REQ_OP_READ */
		lock_buffer(bh);

	if (buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
		unlock_buffer(bh);
		goto out;
	}

	ret = nilfs_bmap_lookup(NILFS_I(inode)->i_bmap, blkoff, &blknum);
	if (unlikely(ret)) {
		unlock_buffer(bh);
		goto failed_bh;
	}
	map_bh(bh, inode->i_sb, (sector_t)blknum);

	bh->b_end_io = end_buffer_read_sync;
	get_bh(bh);
	submit_bh(opf, bh);
	ret = 0;

	trace_nilfs2_mdt_submit_block(inode, inode->i_ino, blkoff,
				      opf & REQ_OP_MASK);
 out:
	get_bh(bh);
	*out_bh = bh;

 failed_bh:
	folio_unlock(bh->b_folio);
	folio_put(bh->b_folio);
	brelse(bh);
 failed:
	return ret;
}

static int nilfs_mdt_read_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long block,
				int readahead, struct buffer_head **out_bh)
{
	struct buffer_head *first_bh, *bh;
	unsigned long blkoff;
	int i, nr_ra_blocks = NILFS_MDT_MAX_RA_BLOCKS;
	int err;

	err = nilfs_mdt_submit_block(inode, block, REQ_OP_READ, &first_bh);
	if (err == -EEXIST) /* internal code */
		goto out;

	if (unlikely(err))
		goto failed;

	if (readahead) {
		blkoff = block + 1;
		for (i = 0; i < nr_ra_blocks; i++, blkoff++) {
			err = nilfs_mdt_submit_block(inode, blkoff,
						REQ_OP_READ | REQ_RAHEAD, &bh);
			if (likely(!err || err == -EEXIST))
				brelse(bh);
			else if (err != -EBUSY)
				break;
				/* abort readahead if bmap lookup failed */
			if (!buffer_locked(first_bh))
				goto out_no_wait;
		}
	}

	wait_on_buffer(first_bh);

 out_no_wait:
	err = -EIO;
	if (!buffer_uptodate(first_bh)) {
		nilfs_err(inode->i_sb,
			  "I/O error reading meta-data file (ino=%lu, block-offset=%lu)",
			  inode->i_ino, block);
		goto failed_bh;
	}
 out:
	*out_bh = first_bh;
	return 0;

 failed_bh:
	brelse(first_bh);
 failed:
	return err;
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_get_block - read or create a buffer on meta data file.
 * @inode: inode of the meta data file
 * @blkoff: block offset
 * @create: create flag
 * @init_block: initializer used for newly allocated block
 * @out_bh: output of a pointer to the buffer_head
 *
 * nilfs_mdt_get_block() looks up the specified buffer and tries to create
 * a new buffer if @create is not zero.  If (and only if) this function
 * succeeds, it stores a pointer to the retrieved buffer head in the location
 * pointed to by @out_bh.
 *
 * The retrieved buffer may be either an existing one or a newly allocated one.
 * For a newly created buffer, if the callback function argument @init_block
 * is non-NULL, the callback will be called with the buffer locked to format
 * the block.
 *
 * Return: 0 on success, or one of the following negative error codes on
 * failure:
 * * %-EIO	- I/O error (including metadata corruption).
 * * %-ENOENT	- The specified block does not exist (hole block).
 * * %-ENOMEM	- Insufficient memory available.
 * * %-EROFS	- Read only filesystem (for create mode).
 */
int nilfs_mdt_get_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long blkoff, int create,
			void (*init_block)(struct inode *,
					   struct buffer_head *, void *),
			struct buffer_head **out_bh)
{
	int ret;

	/* Should be rewritten with merging nilfs_mdt_read_block() */
 retry:
	ret = nilfs_mdt_read_block(inode, blkoff, !create, out_bh);
	if (!create || ret != -ENOENT)
		return ret;

	ret = nilfs_mdt_create_block(inode, blkoff, out_bh, init_block);
	if (unlikely(ret == -EEXIST)) {
		/* create = 0; */  /* limit read-create loop retries */
		goto retry;
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_find_block - find and get a buffer on meta data file.
 * @inode: inode of the meta data file
 * @start: start block offset (inclusive)
 * @end: end block offset (inclusive)
 * @blkoff: block offset
 * @out_bh: place to store a pointer to buffer_head struct
 *
 * nilfs_mdt_find_block() looks up an existing block in range of
 * [@start, @end] and stores pointer to a buffer head of the block to
 * @out_bh, and block offset to @blkoff, respectively.  @out_bh and
 * @blkoff are substituted only when zero is returned.
 *
 * Return: 0 on success, or one of the following negative error codes on
 * failure:
 * * %-EIO	- I/O error (including metadata corruption).
 * * %-ENOENT	- No block was found in the range.
 * * %-ENOMEM	- Insufficient memory available.
 */
int nilfs_mdt_find_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long start,
			 unsigned long end, unsigned long *blkoff,
			 struct buffer_head **out_bh)
{
	__u64 next;
	int ret;

	if (unlikely(start > end))
		return -ENOENT;

	ret = nilfs_mdt_read_block(inode, start, true, out_bh);
	if (!ret) {
		*blkoff = start;
		goto out;
	}
	if (unlikely(ret != -ENOENT || start == ULONG_MAX))
		goto out;

	ret = nilfs_bmap_seek_key(NILFS_I(inode)->i_bmap, start + 1, &next);
	if (!ret) {
		if (next <= end) {
			ret = nilfs_mdt_read_block(inode, next, true, out_bh);
			if (!ret)
				*blkoff = next;
		} else {
			ret = -ENOENT;
		}
	}
out:
	return ret;
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_delete_block - make a hole on the meta data file.
 * @inode: inode of the meta data file
 * @block: block offset
 *
 * Return: 0 on success, or one of the following negative error codes on
 * failure:
 * * %-EIO	- I/O error (including metadata corruption).
 * * %-ENOENT	- Non-existent block.
 * * %-ENOMEM	- Insufficient memory available.
 */
int nilfs_mdt_delete_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long block)
{
	struct nilfs_inode_info *ii = NILFS_I(inode);
	int err;

	err = nilfs_bmap_delete(ii->i_bmap, block);
	if (!err || err == -ENOENT) {
		nilfs_mdt_mark_dirty(inode);
		nilfs_mdt_forget_block(inode, block);
	}
	return err;
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_forget_block - discard dirty state and try to remove the page
 * @inode: inode of the meta data file
 * @block: block offset
 *
 * nilfs_mdt_forget_block() clears a dirty flag of the specified buffer, and
 * tries to release the page including the buffer from a page cache.
 *
 * Return: 0 on success, or one of the following negative error codes on
 * failure:
 * * %-EBUSY	- Page has an active buffer.
 * * %-ENOENT	- Page cache has no page addressed by the offset.
 */
int nilfs_mdt_forget_block(struct inode *inode, unsigned long block)
{
	pgoff_t index = block >> (PAGE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits);
	struct folio *folio;
	struct buffer_head *bh;
	int ret = 0;
	int still_dirty;

	folio = filemap_lock_folio(inode->i_mapping, index);
	if (IS_ERR(folio))
		return -ENOENT;

	folio_wait_writeback(folio);

	bh = folio_buffers(folio);
	if (bh) {
		unsigned long first_block = index <<
				(PAGE_SHIFT - inode->i_blkbits);
		bh = get_nth_bh(bh, block - first_block);
		nilfs_forget_buffer(bh);
	}
	still_dirty = folio_test_dirty(folio);
	folio_unlock(folio);
	folio_put(folio);

	if (still_dirty ||
	    invalidate_inode_pages2_range(inode->i_mapping, index, index) != 0)
		ret = -EBUSY;
	return ret;
}

int nilfs_mdt_fetch_dirty(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct nilfs_inode_info *ii = NILFS_I(inode);

	if (nilfs_bmap_test_and_clear_dirty(ii->i_bmap)) {
		set_bit(NILFS_I_DIRTY, &ii->i_state);
		return 1;
	}
	return test_bit(NILFS_I_DIRTY, &ii->i_state);
}

static int nilfs_mdt_write_folio(struct folio *folio,
		struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
	struct super_block *sb;
	int err = 0;

	if (inode && sb_rdonly(inode->i_sb)) {
		/*
		 * It means that filesystem was remounted in read-only
		 * mode because of error or metadata corruption. But we
		 * have dirty folios that try to be flushed in background.
		 * So, here we simply discard this dirty folio.
		 */
		nilfs_clear_folio_dirty(folio);
		folio_unlock(folio);
		return -EROFS;
	}

	folio_redirty_for_writepage(wbc, folio);
	folio_unlock(folio);

	if (!inode)
		return 0;

	sb = inode->i_sb;

	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL)
		err = nilfs_construct_segment(sb);
	else if (wbc->for_reclaim)
		nilfs_flush_segment(sb, inode->i_ino);

	return err;
}

static int nilfs_mdt_writeback(struct address_space *mapping,
		struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	struct folio *folio = NULL;
	int error;

	while ((folio = writeback_iter(mapping, wbc, folio, &error)))
		error = nilfs_mdt_write_folio(folio, wbc);

	return error;
}

static const struct address_space_operations def_mdt_aops = {
	.dirty_folio		= block_dirty_folio,
	.invalidate_folio	= block_invalidate_folio,
	.writepages		= nilfs_mdt_writeback,
	.migrate_folio		= buffer_migrate_folio_norefs,
};

static const struct inode_operations def_mdt_iops;
static const struct file_operations def_mdt_fops;


int nilfs_mdt_init(struct inode *inode, gfp_t gfp_mask, size_t objsz)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mi;

	mi = kzalloc(max(sizeof(*mi), objsz), GFP_NOFS);
	if (!mi)
		return -ENOMEM;

	init_rwsem(&mi->mi_sem);
	inode->i_private = mi;

	inode->i_mode = S_IFREG;
	mapping_set_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping, gfp_mask);

	inode->i_op = &def_mdt_iops;
	inode->i_fop = &def_mdt_fops;
	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &def_mdt_aops;

	return 0;
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_clear - do cleanup for the metadata file
 * @inode: inode of the metadata file
 */
void nilfs_mdt_clear(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mdi = NILFS_MDT(inode);
	struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow = mdi->mi_shadow;

	if (mdi->mi_palloc_cache)
		nilfs_palloc_destroy_cache(inode);

	if (shadow) {
		struct inode *s_inode = shadow->inode;

		shadow->inode = NULL;
		iput(s_inode);
		mdi->mi_shadow = NULL;
	}
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_destroy - release resources used by the metadata file
 * @inode: inode of the metadata file
 */
void nilfs_mdt_destroy(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mdi = NILFS_MDT(inode);

	kfree(mdi->mi_bgl); /* kfree(NULL) is safe */
	kfree(mdi);
}

void nilfs_mdt_set_entry_size(struct inode *inode, unsigned int entry_size,
			      unsigned int header_size)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mi = NILFS_MDT(inode);

	mi->mi_entry_size = entry_size;
	mi->mi_entries_per_block = i_blocksize(inode) / entry_size;
	mi->mi_first_entry_offset = DIV_ROUND_UP(header_size, entry_size);
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_setup_shadow_map - setup shadow map and bind it to metadata file
 * @inode: inode of the metadata file
 * @shadow: shadow mapping
 *
 * Return: 0 on success, or a negative error code on failure.
 */
int nilfs_mdt_setup_shadow_map(struct inode *inode,
			       struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mi = NILFS_MDT(inode);
	struct inode *s_inode;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&shadow->frozen_buffers);

	s_inode = nilfs_iget_for_shadow(inode);
	if (IS_ERR(s_inode))
		return PTR_ERR(s_inode);

	shadow->inode = s_inode;
	mi->mi_shadow = shadow;
	return 0;
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_save_to_shadow_map - copy bmap and dirty pages to shadow map
 * @inode: inode of the metadata file
 *
 * Return: 0 on success, or a negative error code on failure.
 */
int nilfs_mdt_save_to_shadow_map(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mi = NILFS_MDT(inode);
	struct nilfs_inode_info *ii = NILFS_I(inode);
	struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow = mi->mi_shadow;
	struct inode *s_inode = shadow->inode;
	int ret;

	ret = nilfs_copy_dirty_pages(s_inode->i_mapping, inode->i_mapping);
	if (ret)
		goto out;

	ret = nilfs_copy_dirty_pages(NILFS_I(s_inode)->i_assoc_inode->i_mapping,
				     ii->i_assoc_inode->i_mapping);
	if (ret)
		goto out;

	nilfs_bmap_save(ii->i_bmap, &shadow->bmap_store);
 out:
	return ret;
}

int nilfs_mdt_freeze_buffer(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
{
	struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow = NILFS_MDT(inode)->mi_shadow;
	struct buffer_head *bh_frozen;
	struct folio *folio;
	int blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;

	folio = filemap_grab_folio(shadow->inode->i_mapping,
			bh->b_folio->index);
	if (IS_ERR(folio))
		return PTR_ERR(folio);

	bh_frozen = folio_buffers(folio);
	if (!bh_frozen)
		bh_frozen = create_empty_buffers(folio, 1 << blkbits, 0);

	bh_frozen = get_nth_bh(bh_frozen,
			       offset_in_folio(folio, bh->b_data) >> blkbits);

	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh_frozen))
		nilfs_copy_buffer(bh_frozen, bh);
	if (list_empty(&bh_frozen->b_assoc_buffers)) {
		list_add_tail(&bh_frozen->b_assoc_buffers,
			      &shadow->frozen_buffers);
		set_buffer_nilfs_redirected(bh);
	} else {
		brelse(bh_frozen); /* already frozen */
	}

	folio_unlock(folio);
	folio_put(folio);
	return 0;
}

struct buffer_head *
nilfs_mdt_get_frozen_buffer(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
{
	struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow = NILFS_MDT(inode)->mi_shadow;
	struct buffer_head *bh_frozen = NULL;
	struct folio *folio;
	int n;

	folio = filemap_lock_folio(shadow->inode->i_mapping,
			bh->b_folio->index);
	if (!IS_ERR(folio)) {
		bh_frozen = folio_buffers(folio);
		if (bh_frozen) {
			n = offset_in_folio(folio, bh->b_data) >>
				inode->i_blkbits;
			bh_frozen = get_nth_bh(bh_frozen, n);
		}
		folio_unlock(folio);
		folio_put(folio);
	}
	return bh_frozen;
}

static void nilfs_release_frozen_buffers(struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow)
{
	struct list_head *head = &shadow->frozen_buffers;
	struct buffer_head *bh;

	while (!list_empty(head)) {
		bh = list_first_entry(head, struct buffer_head,
				      b_assoc_buffers);
		list_del_init(&bh->b_assoc_buffers);
		brelse(bh); /* drop ref-count to make it releasable */
	}
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_restore_from_shadow_map - restore dirty pages and bmap state
 * @inode: inode of the metadata file
 */
void nilfs_mdt_restore_from_shadow_map(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mi = NILFS_MDT(inode);
	struct nilfs_inode_info *ii = NILFS_I(inode);
	struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow = mi->mi_shadow;

	down_write(&mi->mi_sem);

	if (mi->mi_palloc_cache)
		nilfs_palloc_clear_cache(inode);

	nilfs_clear_dirty_pages(inode->i_mapping);
	nilfs_copy_back_pages(inode->i_mapping, shadow->inode->i_mapping);

	nilfs_clear_dirty_pages(ii->i_assoc_inode->i_mapping);
	nilfs_copy_back_pages(ii->i_assoc_inode->i_mapping,
			      NILFS_I(shadow->inode)->i_assoc_inode->i_mapping);

	nilfs_bmap_restore(ii->i_bmap, &shadow->bmap_store);

	up_write(&mi->mi_sem);
}

/**
 * nilfs_mdt_clear_shadow_map - truncate pages in shadow map caches
 * @inode: inode of the metadata file
 */
void nilfs_mdt_clear_shadow_map(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct nilfs_mdt_info *mi = NILFS_MDT(inode);
	struct nilfs_shadow_map *shadow = mi->mi_shadow;
	struct inode *shadow_btnc_inode = NILFS_I(shadow->inode)->i_assoc_inode;

	down_write(&mi->mi_sem);
	nilfs_release_frozen_buffers(shadow);
	truncate_inode_pages(shadow->inode->i_mapping, 0);
	truncate_inode_pages(shadow_btnc_inode->i_mapping, 0);
	up_write(&mi->mi_sem);
}