xref: /aosp_15_r20/external/coreboot/Documentation/drivers/cbfs_smbios.md (revision b9411a12aaaa7e1e6a6fb7c5e057f44ee179a49c)
1# CBFS SMBIOS hooks
2
3The document describes the coreboot options how to make CBFS files populate
4platform-unique SMBIOS data.
5
6## SMBIOS Serial Number
7
8The [DMTF SMBIOS specification] defines a field in the type 1 System
9Information and type 2 Baseboard Information called Serial Number. It
10is a null-terminated string field assumed to be unique per platform. Certain
11mainboard ports have SMBIOS hooks to generate the Serial Numbers from external
12data, e.g. Lenovo Thinkpads (see DRIVER_LENOVO_SERIALS). This driver aims to
13provide an option to populate the Serial Numbers from CBFS for boards that
14can't generate the it from any source.
15
16### Usage
17
18In the coreboot configuration menu (`make menuconfig`) go to `Generic Drivers`
19and select an option `Serial number in CBFS`. The Kconfig system will enable
20`DRIVERS_GENERIC_CBFS_SERIAL` and the relevant code parts will be compiled into
21coreboot image.
22
23After the coreboot build for your board completes, use the cbfstool to include
24the file containing the serial number:
25
26```shell
27./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom add -n serial_number -t raw -f /path/to/serial_file.txt
28```
29
30Where `serial_file.txt` is the unterminated string representation of the SMBIOS
31type 1 or type 2 Serial Number, e.g. `5Q4Q7Y1`. If you use vboot with 1 or 2 RW
32partitions you will have to specify the RW regions where the file is going to
33be added too. By default the RW CBFS partitions are truncated, so the files
34would probably not fit, one needs to expand them first.
35
36```shell
37./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom expand -r FW_MAIN_A
38./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom add -n serial_number -t raw \
39	-f /path/to/serial_file.txt -r FW_MAIN_A
40./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom truncate -r FW_MAIN_A
41
42./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom expand -r FW_MAIN_B
43./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom add -n serial_number -t raw \
44	-f /path/to/serial_file.txt -r FW_MAIN_B
45./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom truncate -r FW_MAIN_B
46```
47
48By default cbfstool adds files to COREBOOT region only, so when vboot is
49enabled and the platform is booting from RW partition, the file would not be
50picked up by the driver.
51
52One may retrieve the Serial Number from running system (if it exists) using one
53of the following commands:
54
55```shell
56# Type 1
57echo -n `sudo dmidecode -s system-serial-number` > serial_file.txt
58# OR Type 2
59echo -n `sudo dmidecode -s baseboard-serial-number` > serial_file.txt
60```
61
62Ensure the file does not end with whitespaces like LF and/or CR. The above
63commands will not add any whitespaces. The driver automatically terminates the
64Serial Number with the NULL character. If the CBFS file is not present, the
65driver will fall back to the string defined in `MAINBOARD_SERIAL_NUMBER` build
66option.
67
68Please note that this driver provides `smbios_mainboard_serial_number` hook
69overriding the default implementation which returns `MAINBOARD_SERIAL_NUMBER`
70build option. If you wish to populate only type 2 Serial Number field your
71board code needs to implement `smbios_system_serial_number`, otherwise the weak
72implementation of `smbios_system_serial_number` will call
73`smbios_mainboard_serial_number` from the `DRIVERS_GENERIC_CBFS_SERIAL`
74implementation overriding it. So selecting the `DRIVERS_GENERIC_CBFS_SERIAL`
75has a side-effect of populating both SMBIOS type 1 and type 2 Serial Numbers
76if the board does not implement its own `smbios_system_serial_number`.
77
78There is also SMBIOS type 3 Chassis Information Serial Number, but it is not
79populated by `DRIVERS_GENERIC_CBFS_SERIAL` nor by the default weak
80implementation (returns empty string). If you wish to populate type 3 Serial
81Number, your board code should override the default
82`smbios_chassis_serial_number` weak implementation.
83
84## SMBIOS System UUID
85
86The [DMTF SMBIOS specification] defines a field in the type 1 System
87Information Structure called System UUID. It is a 16 bytes value compliant with
88[RFC4122] and assumed to be unique per platform. Certain mainboard ports have
89SMBIOS hooks to generate the UUID from external data, e.g. Lenovo Thinkpads
90(see DRIVER_LENOVO_SERIALS). This driver aims to provide an option to populate
91the UUID from CBFS for boards that can't generate the UUID from any source.
92
93### Usage
94
95In the coreboot configuration menu (`make menuconfig`) go to `Generic Drivers`
96and select an option `System UUID in CBFS`. The Kconfig system will enable
97`DRIVERS_GENERIC_CBFS_UUID` and the relevant code parts will be compiled into
98coreboot image.
99
100After the coreboot build for your board completes, use the cbfstool to include
101the file containing the UUID:
102
103```shell
104./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom add -n system_uuid -t raw -f /path/to/uuid_file.txt
105```
106
107Where `uuid_file.txt` is the unterminated string representation of the SMBIOS
108type 1 UUID, e.g. `4c4c4544-0051-3410-8051-b5c04f375931`. If you use vboot with
1091 or 2 RW partitions you will have to specify the RW regions where the file is
110going to be added too. By default the RW CBFS partitions are truncated, so the
111files would probably not fit, one needs to expand them first.
112
113```shell
114./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom expand -r FW_MAIN_A
115./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom add -n system_uuid -t raw \
116	-f /path/to/uuid_file.txt -r FW_MAIN_A
117./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom truncate -r FW_MAIN_A
118
119./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom expand -r FW_MAIN_B
120./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom add -n system_uuid -t raw \
121	-f /path/to/uuid_file.txt -r FW_MAIN_B
122./build/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom truncate -r FW_MAIN_B
123```
124
125By default cbfstool adds files to COREBOOT region only, so when vboot is
126enabled and the platform is booting from RW partition, the file would not be
127picked up by the driver.
128
129One may retrieve the UUID from running system (if it exists) using the
130following command:
131
132```shell
133echo -n `sudo dmidecode -s system-uuid` > uuid_file.txt
134```
135
136The above command ensures the file does not end with whitespaces like LF and/or
137CR. The above command will not add any whitespaces. But the driver will handle
138situations where up to 2 additional bytes like CR and LF will be included in
139the file. Any more than that will make the driver fail to populate UUID in
140SMBIOS.
141
142[DMTF SMBIOS specification]: https://www.dmtf.org/standards/smbios
143[RFC4122]: https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4122.txt
144