xref: /aosp_15_r20/bionic/libc/include/dlfcn.h (revision 8d67ca893c1523eb926b9080dbe4e2ffd2a27ba1)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
12  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
13  *    distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
16  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
17  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
18  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
19  * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
21  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
22  * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
23  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
24  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
25  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #pragma once
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 
33 #include <stdint.h>
34 
35 /**
36  * @addtogroup libdl Dynamic Linker
37  * @{
38  */
39 
40 /**
41  * \file
42  * Standard dynamic library support.
43  * See also the Android-specific functionality in `<android/dlext.h>`.
44  */
45 
46 __BEGIN_DECLS
47 
48 /**
49  * dladdr() returns information using this structure.
50  */
51 typedef struct {
52   /** Pathname of the shared object that contains the given address. */
53   const char* _Nullable dli_fname;
54   /** Address at which the shared object is loaded. */
55   void* _Nullable dli_fbase;
56   /** Name of the nearest symbol with an address lower than the given address. */
57   const char* _Nullable dli_sname;
58   /** Exact address of the symbol named in `dli_sname`. */
59   void* _Nullable dli_saddr;
60 } Dl_info;
61 
62 /**
63  * [dlopen(3)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/dlopen.3.html)
64  * loads the given shared library.
65  *
66  * See also android_dlopen_ext().
67  *
68  * Returns a pointer to an opaque handle for use with other <dlfcn.h> functions
69  * on success, and returns NULL on failure, in which case dlerror() can be used
70  * to retrieve the specific error.
71  */
72 void* _Nullable dlopen(const char* _Nullable __filename, int __flag);
73 
74 /**
75  * [dlclose(3)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/dlclose.3.html)
76  * decrements the reference count for the given shared library (and
77  * any libraries brought in by that library's DT_NEEDED entries).
78  *
79  * If a library's reference count hits zero, it may be unloaded.
80  * Code that relies on this is not portable, and may not work on
81  * future versions of Android.
82  *
83  * dlclose() is dangerous because function pointers may or may not
84  * be rendered invalid, global data may or may not be rendered invalid,
85  * and memory may or may not leak. Code with global constructors is
86  * especially problematic. Instead of dlclose, prefer to leave the
87  * library open or, if cleanup is necessary, dlopen() the library in
88  * a child process which can later be killed by the parent or call
89  * exit() itself.
90  *
91  * Note also that dlclose() interacts badly with thread local variables
92  * with non-trivial destructors, with the
93  * (exact behavior varying by API level)[https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/main/android-changes-for-ndk-developers.md#dlclose-interacts-badly-with-thread-local-variables-with-non_trivial-destructors].
94  *
95  * Returns 0 on success, and returns -1 on failure, in which case
96  * dlerror() can be used to retrieve the specific error.
97  */
98 int dlclose(void* _Nonnull __handle);
99 
100 /**
101  * [dlerror(3)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/dlerror.3.html)
102  * returns a human-readable error message describing the most recent
103  * failure from one of the <dlfcn.h> functions on the calling thread.
104  *
105  * This function also clears the error, so a second call (or a call
106  * before any failure) will return NULL.
107  *
108  * Returns a pointer to an error on success, and returns NULL if no
109  * error is pending.
110  */
111 char* _Nullable dlerror(void);
112 
113 /**
114  * [dlsym(3)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/dlsym.3.html)
115  * returns a pointer to the symbol with the given name in the shared
116  * library represented by the given handle. The handle may have been
117  * returned from dlopen(), or can be RTLD_DEFAULT or RTLD_NEXT.
118  *
119  * Returns the address of the symbol on success, and returns NULL on failure,
120  * in which case dlerror() can be used to retrieve the specific error.
121  */
122 void* _Nullable dlsym(void* __BIONIC_COMPLICATED_NULLNESS __handle, const char* _Nullable __symbol);
123 
124 /**
125  * [dlvsym(3)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/dlvsym.3.html)
126  * returns a pointer to the symbol with the given name and version in the shared
127  * library represented by the given handle. The handle may have been
128  * returned from dlopen(), or can be RTLD_DEFAULT or RTLD_NEXT.
129  *
130  * Returns the address of the symbol on success, and returns NULL on failure,
131  * in which case dlerror() can be used to retrieve the specific error.
132  */
133 
134 #if __BIONIC_AVAILABILITY_GUARD(24)
135 void* _Nullable dlvsym(void* __BIONIC_COMPLICATED_NULLNESS __handle, const char* _Nullable __symbol, const char* _Nullable __version) __INTRODUCED_IN(24);
136 #endif /* __BIONIC_AVAILABILITY_GUARD(24) */
137 
138 
139 /**
140  * [dladdr(3)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/dladdr.3.html)
141  * returns information about the symbol at the given address.
142  *
143  * Returns non-zero on success, and returns 0 on failure. Note that unlike
144  * the other <dlfcn.h> functions, in this case dlerror() will _not_ have
145  * more information.
146  */
147 int dladdr(const void* _Nonnull __addr, Dl_info* _Nonnull __info);
148 
149 /**
150  * A dlsym()/dlvsym() handle that returns the first symbol found in any
151  * shared library using the default search order.
152  */
153 #define RTLD_DEFAULT  __BIONIC_CAST(reinterpret_cast, void*, 0)
154 
155 /**
156  * A dlsym()/dlvsym() handle that returns the first symbol found in any
157  * shared library that appears _after_ the object containing the caller.
158  */
159 #define RTLD_NEXT     __BIONIC_CAST(reinterpret_cast, void*, -1L)
160 
161 /**
162  * A dlopen() flag to not make symbols from this library available to later
163  * libraries. See also RTLD_GLOBAL.
164  */
165 #define RTLD_LOCAL    0
166 
167 /**
168  * Not supported on Android. Android always uses RTLD_NOW for security reasons.
169  * Resolving all undefined symbols before dlopen() returns means that RELRO
170  * protections can be applied to the PLT before dlopen() returns.
171  */
172 #define RTLD_LAZY     0x00001
173 
174 /** A dlopen() flag to resolve all undefined symbols before dlopen() returns. */
175 #define RTLD_NOW      0x00002
176 
177 /**
178  * A dlopen() flag to not actually load the given library;
179  * used to test whether the library is already loaded.
180  */
181 #define RTLD_NOLOAD   0x00004
182 
183 /**
184  * A dlopen() flag to make symbols from this library available to later
185  * libraries. See also RTLD_LOCAL.
186  */
187 #define RTLD_GLOBAL   0x00100
188 
189 /**
190  * A dlopen() flag to ignore later dlclose() calls on this library.
191  */
192 #define RTLD_NODELETE 0x01000
193 
194 /* LP32 has historical ABI breakage. */
195 #if !defined(__LP64__)
196 #undef RTLD_DEFAULT
197 #define RTLD_DEFAULT  __BIONIC_CAST(reinterpret_cast, void*, 0xffffffff)
198 #undef RTLD_NEXT
199 #define RTLD_NEXT     __BIONIC_CAST(reinterpret_cast, void*, 0xfffffffe)
200 #undef RTLD_NOW
201 #define RTLD_NOW      0x00000
202 #undef RTLD_GLOBAL
203 #define RTLD_GLOBAL   0x00002
204 #endif
205 
206 __END_DECLS
207 
208 /** @} */
209