xref: /btstack/3rd-party/lc3-google/include/lc3.h (revision 2281ada7921e55288a45180ce35a34d9af2af65c)
1 /******************************************************************************
2  *
3  *  Copyright 2021 Google, Inc.
4  *
5  *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
6  *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *  You may obtain a copy of the License at:
8  *
9  *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10  *
11  *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
12  *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
13  *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
14  *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
15  *  limitations under the License.
16  *
17  ******************************************************************************/
18 
19 /**
20  * Low Complexity Communication Codec (LC3)
21  *
22  * This implementation conforms to :
23  *   Low Complexity Communication Codec (LC3)
24  *   Bluetooth Specification v1.0
25  *
26  *
27  * The LC3 is an efficient low latency audio codec.
28  *
29  * - Unlike most other codecs, the LC3 codec is focused on audio streaming
30  *   in constrained (on packet sizes and interval) tranport layer.
31  *   In this way, the LC3 does not handle :
32  *   VBR (Variable Bitrate), based on input signal complexity
33  *   ABR (Adaptative Bitrate). It does not rely on any bit reservoir,
34  *       a frame will be strictly encoded in the bytes budget given by
35  *       the user (or transport layer).
36  *
37  *   However, the bitrate (bytes budget for encoding a frame) can be
38  *   freely changed at any time. But will not rely on signal complexity,
39  *   it can follow a temporary bandwidth increase or reduction.
40  *
41  * - Unlike classic codecs, the LC3 codecs does not run on fixed amount
42  *   of samples as input. It operate only on fixed frame duration, for
43  *   any supported samplerates (8 to 48 KHz). Two frame duration are
44  *   available 7.5ms and 10ms.
45  *
46  *
47  * --- About 44.1 KHz samplerate ---
48  *
49  * The Bluetooth specification oddly add the 44.1 KHz samplerate. Although
50  * there is NO SUPPORT in the core algorithm of the codec of 44.1 KHz.
51  * We can summarize the 44.1 KHz support by "you can put any samplerate
52  * around the base defined samplerates". But be concerned by :
53  *
54  *   1. The frame size will not be 7.5 ms or 10 ms, but is scaled
55  *      by 'supported samplerate' / 'input samplerate'
56  *
57  *   2. The bandwidth will be hard limited (to 20 KHz) if you select 48 KHz.
58  *      The encoded bandwidth will also be affected by the above inverse
59  *      factor of 20 KHz.
60  *
61  * Applied to 44.1 KHz, we get :
62  *
63  *   1. About  8.16 ms frame duration, instead of 7.5 ms
64  *      About 10.88 ms frame duration, instead of  10 ms
65  *
66  *   2. The bandwidth becomes limited to 18.375 KHz
67  *
68  *
69  * --- How to encode / decode ---
70  *
71  * An encoder / decoder context need to be setup. This context keep states
72  * on the current stream to proceed, and samples that overlapped across
73  * frames.
74  *
75  * You have two ways to setup the encoder / decoder :
76  *
77  * - Using static memory allocation (this module does not rely on
78  *   any dynamic memory allocation). The types `lc3_xxcoder_mem_16k_t`,
79  *   and `lc3_xxcoder_mem_48k_t` have size of the memory needed for
80  *   encoding up to 16 KHz or 48 KHz.
81  *
82  * - Using dynamic memory allocation. The `lc3_xxcoder_size()` procedure
83  *   returns the needed memory size, for a given configuration. The memory
84  *   space must be aligned to a pointer size. As an example, you can setup
85  *   encoder like this :
86  *
87  *   | enc = lc3_setup_encoder(frame_us, samplerate,
88  *   |      malloc(lc3_encoder_size(frame_us, samplerate)));
89  *   | ...
90  *   | free(enc);
91  *
92  *   Note :
93  *   - A NULL memory adress as input, will return a NULL encoder context.
94  *   - The returned encoder handle is set at the address of the allocated
95  *     memory space, you can directly free the handle.
96  *
97  * Next, call the `lc3_encode()` encoding procedure, for each frames.
98  * To handle multichannel streams (Stereo or more), you can proceed with
99  * inerleaved channels PCM stream like this :
100  *
101  *   | for(int ich = 0; ich < nch: ich++)
102  *   |     lc3_encode(encoder[ich], pcm + ich, nch, ...);
103  *
104  *   with `nch` as the number of channels in the PCM stream
105  */
106 
107 #ifndef __LC3_H
108 #define __LC3_H
109 
110 #ifdef __cplusplus
111 extern "C" {
112 #endif
113 
114 #include <stdint.h>
115 #include <stdbool.h>
116 
117 #include "lc3_private.h"
118 
119 
120 /**
121  * Limitations
122  * - On the bitrate, in bps, of a stream
123  * - On the size of the frames in bytes
124  */
125 
126 #define LC3_MIN_BITRATE    16000
127 #define LC3_MAX_BITRATE   320000
128 
129 #define LC3_MIN_FRAME_BYTES   20
130 #define LC3_MAX_FRAME_BYTES  400
131 
132 
133 /**
134  * Parameters check
135  *   LC3_CHECK_DT_US(us)  True when frame duration in us is suitable
136  *   LC3_CHECK_SR_HZ(sr)  True when samplerate in Hz is suitable
137  */
138 
139 #define LC3_CHECK_DT_US(us) \
140     ( ((us) == 7500) || ((us) == 10000) )
141 
142 #define LC3_CHECK_SR_HZ(sr) \
143     ( ((sr) ==  8000) || ((sr) == 16000) || ((sr) == 24000) || \
144       ((sr) == 32000) || ((sr) == 48000)                       )
145 
146 
147 /**
148  * PCM Sample Format
149  *   S16  Signed 16 bits, in 16 bits words (int16_t)
150  *   S24  Signed 24 bits, using low three bytes of 32 bits words (int32_t).
151  *        The high byte sign extends the sample value (bits 31..24 set to b23).
152  */
153 
154 enum lc3_pcm_format {
155     LC3_PCM_FORMAT_S16,
156     LC3_PCM_FORMAT_S24,
157 };
158 
159 
160 /**
161  * Handle
162  */
163 
164 typedef struct lc3_encoder *lc3_encoder_t;
165 typedef struct lc3_decoder *lc3_decoder_t;
166 
167 
168 /**
169  * Static memory of encoder context
170  *
171  * Propose types suitable for static memory allocation, supporting
172  * any frame duration, and maximum samplerates 16k and 48k respectively
173  * You can customize your type using the `LC3_ENCODER_MEM_T` or
174  * `LC3_DECODER_MEM_T` macro.
175  */
176 
177 typedef LC3_ENCODER_MEM_T(10000, 16000) lc3_encoder_mem_16k_t;
178 typedef LC3_ENCODER_MEM_T(10000, 48000) lc3_encoder_mem_48k_t;
179 
180 typedef LC3_DECODER_MEM_T(10000, 16000) lc3_decoder_mem_16k_t;
181 typedef LC3_DECODER_MEM_T(10000, 48000) lc3_decoder_mem_48k_t;
182 
183 
184 /**
185  * Return the number of PCM samples in a frame
186  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
187  * sr_hz           Samplerate in Hz, 8000, 16000, 24000, 32000 or 48000
188  * return          Number of PCM samples, -1 on bad parameters
189  */
190 int lc3_frame_samples(int dt_us, int sr_hz);
191 
192 /**
193  * Return the size of frames, from bitrate
194  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
195  * bitrate         Target bitrate in bit per seconds
196  * return          The floor size in bytes of the frames, -1 on bad parameters
197  */
198 int lc3_frame_bytes(int dt_us, int bitrate);
199 
200 /**
201  * Resolve the bitrate, from the size of frames
202  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
203  * nbytes          Size in bytes of the frames
204  * return          The according bitrate in bps, -1 on bad parameters
205  */
206 int lc3_resolve_bitrate(int dt_us, int nbytes);
207 
208 /**
209  * Return algorithmic delay, as a number of samples
210  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
211  * sr_hz           Samplerate in Hz, 8000, 16000, 24000, 32000 or 48000
212  * return          Number of algorithmic delay samples, -1 on bad parameters
213  */
214 int lc3_delay_samples(int dt_us, int sr_hz);
215 
216 /**
217  * Return size needed for an encoder
218  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
219  * sr_hz           Samplerate in Hz, 8000, 16000, 24000, 32000 or 48000
220  * return          Size of then encoder in bytes, 0 on bad parameters
221  *
222  * The `sr_hz` parameter is the samplerate of the PCM input stream,
223  * and will match `sr_pcm_hz` of `lc3_setup_encoder()`.
224  */
225 unsigned lc3_encoder_size(int dt_us, int sr_hz);
226 
227 /**
228  * Setup encoder
229  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
230  * sr_hz           Samplerate in Hz, 8000, 16000, 24000, 32000 or 48000
231  * sr_pcm_hz       Input samplerate, downsampling option of input, or 0
232  * mem             Encoder memory space, aligned to pointer type
233  * return          Encoder as an handle, NULL on bad parameters
234  *
235  * The `sr_pcm_hz` parameter is a downsampling option of PCM input,
236  * the value `0` fallback to the samplerate of the encoded stream `sr_hz`.
237  * When used, `sr_pcm_hz` is intended to be higher or equal to the encoder
238  * samplerate `sr_hz`. The size of the context needed, given by
239  * `lc3_encoder_size()` will be set accordingly to `sr_pcm_hz`.
240  */
241 lc3_encoder_t lc3_setup_encoder(
242     int dt_us, int sr_hz, int sr_pcm_hz, void *mem);
243 
244 /**
245  * Encode a frame
246  * encoder         Handle of the encoder
247  * fmt             PCM input format
248  * pcm, stride     Input PCM samples, and count between two consecutives
249  * nbytes          Target size, in bytes, of the frame (20 to 400)
250  * out             Output buffer of `nbytes` size
251  * return          0: On success  -1: Wrong parameters
252  */
253 int lc3_encode(lc3_encoder_t encoder, enum lc3_pcm_format fmt,
254     const void *pcm, int stride, int nbytes, void *out);
255 
256 /**
257  * Return size needed for an decoder
258  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
259  * sr_hz           Samplerate in Hz, 8000, 16000, 24000, 32000 or 48000
260  * return          Size of then decoder in bytes, 0 on bad parameters
261  *
262  * The `sr_hz` parameter is the samplerate of the PCM output stream,
263  * and will match `sr_pcm_hz` of `lc3_setup_decoder()`.
264  */
265 unsigned lc3_decoder_size(int dt_us, int sr_hz);
266 
267 /**
268  * Setup decoder
269  * dt_us           Frame duration in us, 7500 or 10000
270  * sr_hz           Samplerate in Hz, 8000, 16000, 24000, 32000 or 48000
271  * sr_pcm_hz       Output samplerate, upsampling option of output (or 0)
272  * mem             Decoder memory space, aligned to pointer type
273  * return          Decoder as an handle, NULL on bad parameters
274  *
275  * The `sr_pcm_hz` parameter is an upsampling option of PCM output,
276  * the value `0` fallback to the samplerate of the decoded stream `sr_hz`.
277  * When used, `sr_pcm_hz` is intended to be higher or equal to the decoder
278  * samplerate `sr_hz`. The size of the context needed, given by
279  * `lc3_decoder_size()` will be set accordingly to `sr_pcm_hz`.
280  */
281 lc3_decoder_t lc3_setup_decoder(
282     int dt_us, int sr_hz, int sr_pcm_hz, void *mem);
283 
284 /**
285  * Decode a frame
286  * decoder         Handle of the decoder
287  * in, nbytes      Input bitstream, and size in bytes, NULL performs PLC
288  * fmt             PCM output format
289  * pcm, stride     Output PCM samples, and count between two consecutives
290  * return          0: On success  1: PLC operated  -1: Wrong parameters
291  */
292 int lc3_decode(lc3_decoder_t decoder, const void *in, int nbytes,
293     enum lc3_pcm_format fmt, void *pcm, int stride);
294 
295 
296 #ifdef __cplusplus
297 }
298 #endif
299 
300 #endif /* __LC3_H */
301