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Perfetto Tracing
================

Mesa has experimental support for `Perfetto <https://perfetto.dev>`__ for
GPU performance monitoring.  Perfetto supports multiple
`producers <https://perfetto.dev/docs/concepts/service-model>`__ each with
one or more data-sources.  Perfetto already provides various producers and
data-sources for things like:

- CPU scheduling events (``linux.ftrace``)
- CPU frequency scaling (``linux.ftrace``)
- System calls (``linux.ftrace``)
- Process memory utilization (``linux.process_stats``)

As well as various domain specific producers.

The mesa Perfetto support adds additional producers, to allow for visualizing
GPU performance (frequency, utilization, performance counters, etc) on the
same timeline, to better understand and tune/debug system level performance:

- pps-producer: A systemwide daemon that can collect global performance
  counters.
- mesa: Per-process producer within mesa to capture render-stage traces
  on the GPU timeline, track events on the CPU timeline, etc.

The exact supported features vary per driver:

.. list-table:: Supported data-sources
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Driver
     - PPS Counters
     - Render Stages
   * - Freedreno
     - ``gpu.counters.msm``
     - ``gpu.renderstages.msm``
   * - Turnip
     - ``gpu.counters.msm``
     - ``gpu.renderstages.msm``
   * - Intel
     - ``gpu.counters.i915``
     - ``gpu.renderstages.intel``
   * - Panfrost
     - ``gpu.counters.panfrost``
     -

Run
---

To capture a trace with Perfetto you need to take the following steps:

1. Build Perfetto from sources available at ``subprojects/perfetto`` following
   `this guide <https://perfetto.dev/docs/quickstart/linux-tracing>`__.

2. Create a `trace config <https://perfetto.dev/docs/concepts/config>`__, which is
   a json formatted text file with extension ``.cfg``, or use one of the config
   files under the ``src/tool/pps/cfg`` directory. More examples of config files
   can be found in ``subprojects/perfetto/test/configs``.

3. Change directory to ``subprojects/perfetto`` and run a
   `convenience script <https://perfetto.dev/docs/quickstart/linux-tracing#capturing-a-trace>`__
   to start the tracing service:

   .. code-block:: sh

      cd subprojects/perfetto
      CONFIG=<path/to/gpu.cfg> OUT=out/linux_clang_release ./tools/tmux -n

4. Start other producers you may need, e.g. ``pps-producer``.

5. Start ``perfetto`` under the tmux session initiated in step 3.

6. Once tracing has finished, you can detach from tmux with :kbd:`Ctrl+b`,
   :kbd:`d`, and the convenience script should automatically copy the trace
   files into ``$HOME/Downloads``.

7. Go to `ui.perfetto.dev <https://ui.perfetto.dev>`__ and upload
   ``$HOME/Downloads/trace.protobuf`` by clicking on **Open trace file**.

8. Alternatively you can open the trace in `AGI <https://gpuinspector.dev/>`__
   (which despite the name can be used to view non-android traces).

To be a bit more explicit, here is a listing of commands reproducing
the steps above :

.. code-block:: sh

   # Configure Mesa with perfetto
   mesa $ meson . build -Dperfetto=true -Dvulkan-drivers=intel,broadcom -Dgallium-drivers=
   # Build mesa
   mesa $ meson compile -C build

   # Within the Mesa repo, build perfetto
   mesa $ cd subprojects/perfetto
   perfetto $ ./tools/install-build-deps
   perfetto $ ./tools/gn gen --args='is_debug=false' out/linux
   perfetto $ ./tools/ninja -C out/linux

   # Start perfetto
   perfetto $ CONFIG=../../src/tool/pps/cfg/gpu.cfg OUT=out/linux/ ./tools/tmux -n

   # In parallel from the Mesa repo, start the PPS producer
   mesa $ ./build/src/tool/pps/pps-producer

   # Back in the perfetto tmux, press enter to start the capture

CPU Tracing
~~~~~~~~~~~

Mesa's CPU tracepoints (``MESA_TRACE_*``) use Perfetto track events when
Perfetto is enabled.  They use ``mesa.default`` and ``mesa.slow`` categories.

Currently, only EGL and Freedreno have CPU tracepoints.

Vulkan data sources
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The Vulkan API gives the application control over recording of command
buffers as well as when they are submitted to the hardware. As a
consequence, we need to ensure command buffers are properly
instrumented for the Perfetto driver data sources prior to Perfetto
actually collecting traces.

This can be achieved by setting the :envvar:`MESA_GPU_TRACES`
environment variable before starting a Vulkan application :

.. code-block:: sh

   MESA_GPU_TRACES=perfetto ./build/my_vulkan_app

Driver Specifics
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Below is driver specific information/instructions for the PPS producer.

Freedreno / Turnip
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The Freedreno PPS driver needs root access to read system-wide
performance counters, so you can simply run it with sudo:

.. code-block:: sh

   sudo ./build/src/tool/pps/pps-producer

Intel
^^^^^

The Intel PPS driver needs root access to read system-wide
`RenderBasic <https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/docs/vtune-profiler/user-guide/2023-0/gpu-metrics-reference.html>`__
performance counters, so you can simply run it with sudo:

.. code-block:: sh

   sudo ./build/src/tool/pps/pps-producer

Another option to enable access wide data without root permissions would be running the following:

.. code-block:: sh

   sudo sysctl dev.i915.perf_stream_paranoid=0

Alternatively using the ``CAP_PERFMON`` permission on the binary should work too.

A particular metric set can also be selected to capture a different
set of HW counters :

.. code-block:: sh

   INTEL_PERFETTO_METRIC_SET=RasterizerAndPixelBackend ./build/src/tool/pps/pps-producer

Vulkan applications can also be instrumented to be Perfetto producers.
To enable this for given application, set the environment variable as
follow :

.. code-block:: sh

   PERFETTO_TRACE=1 my_vulkan_app

Panfrost
^^^^^^^^

The Panfrost PPS driver uses unstable ioctls that behave correctly on
kernel version `5.4.23+ <https://lwn.net/Articles/813601/>`__ and
`5.5.7+ <https://lwn.net/Articles/813600/>`__.

To run the producer, follow these two simple steps:

1. Enable Panfrost unstable ioctls via kernel parameter:

   .. code-block:: sh

      modprobe panfrost unstable_ioctls=1

   Alternatively you could add ``panfrost.unstable_ioctls=1`` to your kernel command line, or ``echo 1 > /sys/module/panfrost/parameters/unstable_ioctls``.

2. Run the producer:

   .. code-block:: sh

      ./build/pps-producer

Troubleshooting
---------------

Tmux
~~~~

If the convenience script ``tools/tmux`` keeps copying artifacts to your
``SSH_TARGET`` without starting the tmux session, make sure you have ``tmux``
installed in your system.

.. code-block:: sh

   apt install tmux

Missing counter names
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

If the trace viewer shows a list of counters with a description like
``gpu_counter(#)`` instead of their proper names, maybe you had a data loss due
to the trace buffer being full and wrapped.

In order to prevent this loss of data you can tweak the trace config file in
two different ways:

- Increase the size of the buffer in use:

  .. code-block:: javascript

      buffers {
          size_kb: 2048,
          fill_policy: RING_BUFFER,
      }

- Periodically flush the trace buffer into the output file:

  .. code-block:: javascript

      write_into_file: true
      file_write_period_ms: 250


- Discard new traces when the buffer fills:

  .. code-block:: javascript

      buffers {
          size_kb: 2048,
          fill_policy: DISCARD,
      }