1*a376eb32SXin Li GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 2*a376eb32SXin Li Version 2, June 1991 3*a376eb32SXin Li 4*a376eb32SXin Li Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 5*a376eb32SXin Li 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 6*a376eb32SXin Li Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 7*a376eb32SXin Li of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 8*a376eb32SXin Li 9*a376eb32SXin Li Preamble 10*a376eb32SXin Li 11*a376eb32SXin Li The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 12*a376eb32SXin Lifreedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 13*a376eb32SXin LiLicense is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 14*a376eb32SXin Lisoftware--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 15*a376eb32SXin LiGeneral Public License applies to most of the Free Software 16*a376eb32SXin LiFoundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 17*a376eb32SXin Liusing it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 18*a376eb32SXin Lithe GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 19*a376eb32SXin Liyour programs, too. 20*a376eb32SXin Li 21*a376eb32SXin Li When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 22*a376eb32SXin Liprice. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 23*a376eb32SXin Lihave the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 24*a376eb32SXin Lithis service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 25*a376eb32SXin Liif you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 26*a376eb32SXin Liin new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 27*a376eb32SXin Li 28*a376eb32SXin Li To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 29*a376eb32SXin Lianyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 30*a376eb32SXin LiThese restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 31*a376eb32SXin Lidistribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 32*a376eb32SXin Li 33*a376eb32SXin Li For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 34*a376eb32SXin Ligratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 35*a376eb32SXin Liyou have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 36*a376eb32SXin Lisource code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 37*a376eb32SXin Lirights. 38*a376eb32SXin Li 39*a376eb32SXin Li We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 40*a376eb32SXin Li(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 41*a376eb32SXin Lidistribute and/or modify the software. 42*a376eb32SXin Li 43*a376eb32SXin Li Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 44*a376eb32SXin Lithat everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 45*a376eb32SXin Lisoftware. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 46*a376eb32SXin Liwant its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 47*a376eb32SXin Lithat any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 48*a376eb32SXin Liauthors' reputations. 49*a376eb32SXin Li 50*a376eb32SXin Li Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 51*a376eb32SXin Lipatents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 52*a376eb32SXin Liprogram will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 53*a376eb32SXin Liprogram proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 54*a376eb32SXin Lipatent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 55*a376eb32SXin Li 56*a376eb32SXin Li The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 57*a376eb32SXin Limodification follow. 58*a376eb32SXin Li 59*a376eb32SXin Li GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 60*a376eb32SXin Li TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 61*a376eb32SXin Li 62*a376eb32SXin Li 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 63*a376eb32SXin Lia notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 64*a376eb32SXin Liunder the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 65*a376eb32SXin Lirefers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 66*a376eb32SXin Limeans either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 67*a376eb32SXin Lithat is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 68*a376eb32SXin Lieither verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 69*a376eb32SXin Lilanguage. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 70*a376eb32SXin Lithe term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 71*a376eb32SXin Li 72*a376eb32SXin LiActivities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 73*a376eb32SXin Licovered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 74*a376eb32SXin Lirunning the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 75*a376eb32SXin Liis covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 76*a376eb32SXin LiProgram (independent of having been made by running the Program). 77*a376eb32SXin LiWhether that is true depends on what the Program does. 78*a376eb32SXin Li 79*a376eb32SXin Li 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 80*a376eb32SXin Lisource code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 81*a376eb32SXin Liconspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 82*a376eb32SXin Licopyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 83*a376eb32SXin Linotices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 84*a376eb32SXin Liand give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 85*a376eb32SXin Lialong with the Program. 86*a376eb32SXin Li 87*a376eb32SXin LiYou may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 88*a376eb32SXin Liyou may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 89*a376eb32SXin Li 90*a376eb32SXin Li 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 91*a376eb32SXin Liof it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 92*a376eb32SXin Lidistribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 93*a376eb32SXin Liabove, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 94*a376eb32SXin Li 95*a376eb32SXin Li a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 96*a376eb32SXin Li stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 97*a376eb32SXin Li 98*a376eb32SXin Li b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 99*a376eb32SXin Li whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 100*a376eb32SXin Li part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 101*a376eb32SXin Li parties under the terms of this License. 102*a376eb32SXin Li 103*a376eb32SXin Li c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 104*a376eb32SXin Li when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 105*a376eb32SXin Li interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 106*a376eb32SXin Li announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 107*a376eb32SXin Li notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 108*a376eb32SXin Li a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 109*a376eb32SXin Li these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 110*a376eb32SXin Li License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 111*a376eb32SXin Li does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 112*a376eb32SXin Li the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 113*a376eb32SXin Li 114*a376eb32SXin LiThese requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 115*a376eb32SXin Liidentifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 116*a376eb32SXin Liand can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 117*a376eb32SXin Lithemselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 118*a376eb32SXin Lisections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 119*a376eb32SXin Lidistribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 120*a376eb32SXin Lion the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 121*a376eb32SXin Lithis License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 122*a376eb32SXin Lientire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 123*a376eb32SXin Li 124*a376eb32SXin LiThus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 125*a376eb32SXin Liyour rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 126*a376eb32SXin Liexercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 127*a376eb32SXin Licollective works based on the Program. 128*a376eb32SXin Li 129*a376eb32SXin LiIn addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 130*a376eb32SXin Liwith the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 131*a376eb32SXin Lia storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 132*a376eb32SXin Lithe scope of this License. 133*a376eb32SXin Li 134*a376eb32SXin Li 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 135*a376eb32SXin Liunder Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 136*a376eb32SXin LiSections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 137*a376eb32SXin Li 138*a376eb32SXin Li a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 139*a376eb32SXin Li source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 140*a376eb32SXin Li 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 141*a376eb32SXin Li 142*a376eb32SXin Li b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 143*a376eb32SXin Li years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 144*a376eb32SXin Li cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 145*a376eb32SXin Li machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 146*a376eb32SXin Li distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 147*a376eb32SXin Li customarily used for software interchange; or, 148*a376eb32SXin Li 149*a376eb32SXin Li c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 150*a376eb32SXin Li to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 151*a376eb32SXin Li allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 152*a376eb32SXin Li received the program in object code or executable form with such 153*a376eb32SXin Li an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 154*a376eb32SXin Li 155*a376eb32SXin LiThe source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 156*a376eb32SXin Limaking modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 157*a376eb32SXin Licode means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 158*a376eb32SXin Liassociated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 159*a376eb32SXin Licontrol compilation and installation of the executable. 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You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 173*a376eb32SXin Liexcept as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 174*a376eb32SXin Liotherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 175*a376eb32SXin Livoid, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 176*a376eb32SXin LiHowever, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 177*a376eb32SXin Lithis License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 178*a376eb32SXin Liparties remain in full compliance. 179*a376eb32SXin Li 180*a376eb32SXin Li 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 181*a376eb32SXin Lisigned it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 182*a376eb32SXin Lidistribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 183*a376eb32SXin Liprohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 184*a376eb32SXin Limodifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 185*a376eb32SXin LiProgram), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 186*a376eb32SXin Liall its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 187*a376eb32SXin Lithe Program or works based on it. 188*a376eb32SXin Li 189*a376eb32SXin Li 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 190*a376eb32SXin LiProgram), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 191*a376eb32SXin Lioriginal licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 192*a376eb32SXin Lithese terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 193*a376eb32SXin Lirestrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 194*a376eb32SXin LiYou are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 195*a376eb32SXin Lithis License. 196*a376eb32SXin Li 197*a376eb32SXin Li 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 198*a376eb32SXin Liinfringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 199*a376eb32SXin Liconditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 200*a376eb32SXin Liotherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 201*a376eb32SXin Liexcuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 202*a376eb32SXin Lidistribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 203*a376eb32SXin LiLicense and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 204*a376eb32SXin Limay not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 205*a376eb32SXin Lilicense would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 206*a376eb32SXin Liall those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 207*a376eb32SXin Lithe only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 208*a376eb32SXin Lirefrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 209*a376eb32SXin Li 210*a376eb32SXin LiIf any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 211*a376eb32SXin Liany particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 212*a376eb32SXin Liapply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 213*a376eb32SXin Licircumstances. 214*a376eb32SXin Li 215*a376eb32SXin LiIt is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 216*a376eb32SXin Lipatents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 217*a376eb32SXin Lisuch claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 218*a376eb32SXin Liintegrity of the free software distribution system, which is 219*a376eb32SXin Liimplemented by public license practices. Many people have made 220*a376eb32SXin Ligenerous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 221*a376eb32SXin Lithrough that system in reliance on consistent application of that 222*a376eb32SXin Lisystem; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 223*a376eb32SXin Lito distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 224*a376eb32SXin Liimpose that choice. 225*a376eb32SXin Li 226*a376eb32SXin LiThis section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 227*a376eb32SXin Libe a consequence of the rest of this License. 228*a376eb32SXin Li 229*a376eb32SXin Li 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 230*a376eb32SXin Licertain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 231*a376eb32SXin Lioriginal copyright holder who places the Program under this License 232*a376eb32SXin Limay add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 233*a376eb32SXin Lithose countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 234*a376eb32SXin Licountries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 235*a376eb32SXin Lithe limitation as if written in the body of this License. 236*a376eb32SXin Li 237*a376eb32SXin Li 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 238*a376eb32SXin Liof the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 239*a376eb32SXin Libe similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 240*a376eb32SXin Liaddress new problems or concerns. 241*a376eb32SXin Li 242*a376eb32SXin LiEach version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 243*a376eb32SXin Lispecifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 244*a376eb32SXin Lilater version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 245*a376eb32SXin Lieither of that version or of any later version published by the Free 246*a376eb32SXin LiSoftware Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 247*a376eb32SXin Lithis License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 248*a376eb32SXin LiFoundation. 249*a376eb32SXin Li 250*a376eb32SXin Li 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 251*a376eb32SXin Liprograms whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 252*a376eb32SXin Lito ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 253*a376eb32SXin LiSoftware Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 254*a376eb32SXin Limake exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 255*a376eb32SXin Liof preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 256*a376eb32SXin Liof promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 257*a376eb32SXin Li 258*a376eb32SXin Li NO WARRANTY 259*a376eb32SXin Li 260*a376eb32SXin Li 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 261*a376eb32SXin LiFOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 262*a376eb32SXin LiOTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 263*a376eb32SXin LiPROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 264*a376eb32SXin LiOR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 265*a376eb32SXin LiMERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 266*a376eb32SXin LiTO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 267*a376eb32SXin LiPROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 268*a376eb32SXin LiREPAIR OR CORRECTION. 269*a376eb32SXin Li 270*a376eb32SXin Li 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 271*a376eb32SXin LiWILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 272*a376eb32SXin LiREDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 273*a376eb32SXin LiINCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 274*a376eb32SXin LiOUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 275*a376eb32SXin LiTO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 276*a376eb32SXin LiYOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 277*a376eb32SXin LiPROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 278*a376eb32SXin LiPOSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 279*a376eb32SXin Li 280*a376eb32SXin Li END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 281*a376eb32SXin Li 282*a376eb32SXin Li Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 283*a376eb32SXin Li 284*a376eb32SXin Li If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 285*a376eb32SXin Lipossible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 286*a376eb32SXin Lifree software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 287*a376eb32SXin Li 288*a376eb32SXin Li To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 289*a376eb32SXin Lito attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 290*a376eb32SXin Liconvey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 291*a376eb32SXin Lithe "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 292*a376eb32SXin Li 293*a376eb32SXin Li <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 294*a376eb32SXin Li Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author> 295*a376eb32SXin Li 296*a376eb32SXin Li This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 297*a376eb32SXin Li it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 298*a376eb32SXin Li the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 299*a376eb32SXin Li (at your option) any later version. 300*a376eb32SXin Li 301*a376eb32SXin Li This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 302*a376eb32SXin Li but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 303*a376eb32SXin Li MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 304*a376eb32SXin Li GNU General Public License for more details. 305*a376eb32SXin Li 306*a376eb32SXin Li You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 307*a376eb32SXin Li along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 308*a376eb32SXin Li Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. 309*a376eb32SXin Li 310*a376eb32SXin LiAlso add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 311*a376eb32SXin Li 312*a376eb32SXin LiIf the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 313*a376eb32SXin Liwhen it starts in an interactive mode: 314*a376eb32SXin Li 315*a376eb32SXin Li Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author 316*a376eb32SXin Li Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 317*a376eb32SXin Li This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 318*a376eb32SXin Li under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 319*a376eb32SXin Li 320*a376eb32SXin LiThe hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 321*a376eb32SXin Liparts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 322*a376eb32SXin Libe called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 323*a376eb32SXin Limouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 324*a376eb32SXin Li 325*a376eb32SXin LiYou should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 326*a376eb32SXin Lischool, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 327*a376eb32SXin Linecessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 328*a376eb32SXin Li 329*a376eb32SXin Li Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 330*a376eb32SXin Li `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 331*a376eb32SXin Li 332*a376eb32SXin Li <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 333*a376eb32SXin Li Ty Coon, President of Vice 334*a376eb32SXin Li 335*a376eb32SXin LiThis General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 336*a376eb32SXin Liproprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 337*a376eb32SXin Liconsider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 338*a376eb32SXin Lilibrary. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General 339*a376eb32SXin LiPublic License instead of this License. 340