1*412f47f9SXin Li /*
2*412f47f9SXin Li * Double-precision SVE acos(x) function.
3*412f47f9SXin Li *
4*412f47f9SXin Li * Copyright (c) 2023, Arm Limited.
5*412f47f9SXin Li * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6*412f47f9SXin Li */
7*412f47f9SXin Li
8*412f47f9SXin Li #include "sv_math.h"
9*412f47f9SXin Li #include "poly_sve_f64.h"
10*412f47f9SXin Li #include "pl_sig.h"
11*412f47f9SXin Li #include "pl_test.h"
12*412f47f9SXin Li
13*412f47f9SXin Li static const struct data
14*412f47f9SXin Li {
15*412f47f9SXin Li float64_t poly[12];
16*412f47f9SXin Li float64_t pi, pi_over_2;
17*412f47f9SXin Li } data = {
18*412f47f9SXin Li /* Polynomial approximation of (asin(sqrt(x)) - sqrt(x)) / (x * sqrt(x))
19*412f47f9SXin Li on [ 0x1p-106, 0x1p-2 ], relative error: 0x1.c3d8e169p-57. */
20*412f47f9SXin Li .poly = { 0x1.555555555554ep-3, 0x1.3333333337233p-4, 0x1.6db6db67f6d9fp-5,
21*412f47f9SXin Li 0x1.f1c71fbd29fbbp-6, 0x1.6e8b264d467d6p-6, 0x1.1c5997c357e9dp-6,
22*412f47f9SXin Li 0x1.c86a22cd9389dp-7, 0x1.856073c22ebbep-7, 0x1.fd1151acb6bedp-8,
23*412f47f9SXin Li 0x1.087182f799c1dp-6, -0x1.6602748120927p-7, 0x1.cfa0dd1f9478p-6, },
24*412f47f9SXin Li .pi = 0x1.921fb54442d18p+1,
25*412f47f9SXin Li .pi_over_2 = 0x1.921fb54442d18p+0,
26*412f47f9SXin Li };
27*412f47f9SXin Li
28*412f47f9SXin Li /* Double-precision SVE implementation of vector acos(x).
29*412f47f9SXin Li
30*412f47f9SXin Li For |x| in [0, 0.5], use an order 11 polynomial P such that the final
31*412f47f9SXin Li approximation of asin is an odd polynomial:
32*412f47f9SXin Li
33*412f47f9SXin Li acos(x) ~ pi/2 - (x + x^3 P(x^2)).
34*412f47f9SXin Li
35*412f47f9SXin Li The largest observed error in this region is 1.18 ulps,
36*412f47f9SXin Li _ZGVsMxv_acos (0x1.fbc5fe28ee9e3p-2) got 0x1.0d4d0f55667f6p+0
37*412f47f9SXin Li want 0x1.0d4d0f55667f7p+0.
38*412f47f9SXin Li
39*412f47f9SXin Li For |x| in [0.5, 1.0], use same approximation with a change of variable
40*412f47f9SXin Li
41*412f47f9SXin Li acos(x) = y + y * z * P(z), with z = (1-x)/2 and y = sqrt(z).
42*412f47f9SXin Li
43*412f47f9SXin Li The largest observed error in this region is 1.52 ulps,
44*412f47f9SXin Li _ZGVsMxv_acos (0x1.24024271a500ap-1) got 0x1.ed82df4243f0dp-1
45*412f47f9SXin Li want 0x1.ed82df4243f0bp-1. */
SV_NAME_D1(acos)46*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t SV_NAME_D1 (acos) (svfloat64_t x, const svbool_t pg)
47*412f47f9SXin Li {
48*412f47f9SXin Li const struct data *d = ptr_barrier (&data);
49*412f47f9SXin Li
50*412f47f9SXin Li svuint64_t sign = svand_x (pg, svreinterpret_u64 (x), 0x8000000000000000);
51*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t ax = svabs_x (pg, x);
52*412f47f9SXin Li
53*412f47f9SXin Li svbool_t a_gt_half = svacgt (pg, x, 0.5);
54*412f47f9SXin Li
55*412f47f9SXin Li /* Evaluate polynomial Q(x) = z + z * z2 * P(z2) with
56*412f47f9SXin Li z2 = x ^ 2 and z = |x| , if |x| < 0.5
57*412f47f9SXin Li z2 = (1 - |x|) / 2 and z = sqrt(z2), if |x| >= 0.5. */
58*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t z2 = svsel (a_gt_half, svmls_x (pg, sv_f64 (0.5), ax, 0.5),
59*412f47f9SXin Li svmul_x (pg, x, x));
60*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t z = svsqrt_m (ax, a_gt_half, z2);
61*412f47f9SXin Li
62*412f47f9SXin Li /* Use a single polynomial approximation P for both intervals. */
63*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t z4 = svmul_x (pg, z2, z2);
64*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t z8 = svmul_x (pg, z4, z4);
65*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t z16 = svmul_x (pg, z8, z8);
66*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t p = sv_estrin_11_f64_x (pg, z2, z4, z8, z16, d->poly);
67*412f47f9SXin Li
68*412f47f9SXin Li /* Finalize polynomial: z + z * z2 * P(z2). */
69*412f47f9SXin Li p = svmla_x (pg, z, svmul_x (pg, z, z2), p);
70*412f47f9SXin Li
71*412f47f9SXin Li /* acos(|x|) = pi/2 - sign(x) * Q(|x|), for |x| < 0.5
72*412f47f9SXin Li = 2 Q(|x|) , for 0.5 < x < 1.0
73*412f47f9SXin Li = pi - 2 Q(|x|) , for -1.0 < x < -0.5. */
74*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t y
75*412f47f9SXin Li = svreinterpret_f64 (svorr_x (pg, svreinterpret_u64 (p), sign));
76*412f47f9SXin Li
77*412f47f9SXin Li svbool_t is_neg = svcmplt (pg, x, 0.0);
78*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t off = svdup_f64_z (is_neg, d->pi);
79*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t mul = svsel (a_gt_half, sv_f64 (2.0), sv_f64 (-1.0));
80*412f47f9SXin Li svfloat64_t add = svsel (a_gt_half, off, sv_f64 (d->pi_over_2));
81*412f47f9SXin Li
82*412f47f9SXin Li return svmla_x (pg, add, mul, y);
83*412f47f9SXin Li }
84*412f47f9SXin Li
85*412f47f9SXin Li PL_SIG (SV, D, 1, acos, -1.0, 1.0)
86*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_ULP (SV_NAME_D1 (acos), 1.02)
87*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (SV_NAME_D1 (acos), 0, 0.5, 50000)
88*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (SV_NAME_D1 (acos), 0.5, 1.0, 50000)
89*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (SV_NAME_D1 (acos), 1.0, 0x1p11, 50000)
90*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (SV_NAME_D1 (acos), 0x1p11, inf, 20000)
91*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (SV_NAME_D1 (acos), -0, -inf, 20000)
92