1*412f47f9SXin Li /*
2*412f47f9SXin Li * Double-precision scalar atan2(x) function.
3*412f47f9SXin Li *
4*412f47f9SXin Li * Copyright (c) 2021-2023, Arm Limited.
5*412f47f9SXin Li * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT OR Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6*412f47f9SXin Li */
7*412f47f9SXin Li
8*412f47f9SXin Li #include <stdbool.h>
9*412f47f9SXin Li
10*412f47f9SXin Li #include "atan_common.h"
11*412f47f9SXin Li #include "math_config.h"
12*412f47f9SXin Li #include "pl_sig.h"
13*412f47f9SXin Li #include "pl_test.h"
14*412f47f9SXin Li
15*412f47f9SXin Li #define Pi (0x1.921fb54442d18p+1)
16*412f47f9SXin Li #define PiOver2 (0x1.921fb54442d18p+0)
17*412f47f9SXin Li #define PiOver4 (0x1.921fb54442d18p-1)
18*412f47f9SXin Li #define SignMask (0x8000000000000000)
19*412f47f9SXin Li #define ExpMask (0x7ff0000000000000)
20*412f47f9SXin Li
21*412f47f9SXin Li /* We calculate atan2 by P(n/d), where n and d are similar to the input
22*412f47f9SXin Li arguments, and P is a polynomial. Evaluating P(x) requires calculating x^8,
23*412f47f9SXin Li which may underflow if n and d have very different magnitude.
24*412f47f9SXin Li POW8_EXP_UFLOW_BOUND is the lower bound of the difference in exponents of n
25*412f47f9SXin Li and d for which P underflows, and is used to special-case such inputs. */
26*412f47f9SXin Li #define POW8_EXP_UFLOW_BOUND 62
27*412f47f9SXin Li
28*412f47f9SXin Li static inline int64_t
biased_exponent(double f)29*412f47f9SXin Li biased_exponent (double f)
30*412f47f9SXin Li {
31*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t fi = asuint64 (f);
32*412f47f9SXin Li return (fi & ExpMask) >> 52;
33*412f47f9SXin Li }
34*412f47f9SXin Li
35*412f47f9SXin Li /* Fast implementation of scalar atan2. Largest errors are when y and x are
36*412f47f9SXin Li close together. The greatest observed error is 2.28 ULP:
37*412f47f9SXin Li atan2(-0x1.5915b1498e82fp+732, 0x1.54d11ef838826p+732)
38*412f47f9SXin Li got -0x1.954f42f1fa841p-1 want -0x1.954f42f1fa843p-1. */
39*412f47f9SXin Li double
atan2(double y,double x)40*412f47f9SXin Li atan2 (double y, double x)
41*412f47f9SXin Li {
42*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t ix = asuint64 (x);
43*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t iy = asuint64 (y);
44*412f47f9SXin Li
45*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t sign_x = ix & SignMask;
46*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t sign_y = iy & SignMask;
47*412f47f9SXin Li
48*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t iax = ix & ~SignMask;
49*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t iay = iy & ~SignMask;
50*412f47f9SXin Li
51*412f47f9SXin Li bool xisnan = isnan (x);
52*412f47f9SXin Li if (unlikely (isnan (y) && !xisnan))
53*412f47f9SXin Li return __math_invalid (y);
54*412f47f9SXin Li if (unlikely (xisnan))
55*412f47f9SXin Li return __math_invalid (x);
56*412f47f9SXin Li
57*412f47f9SXin Li /* m = 2 * sign(x) + sign(y). */
58*412f47f9SXin Li uint32_t m = ((iy >> 63) & 1) | ((ix >> 62) & 2);
59*412f47f9SXin Li
60*412f47f9SXin Li int64_t exp_diff = biased_exponent (x) - biased_exponent (y);
61*412f47f9SXin Li
62*412f47f9SXin Li /* y = 0. */
63*412f47f9SXin Li if (iay == 0)
64*412f47f9SXin Li {
65*412f47f9SXin Li switch (m)
66*412f47f9SXin Li {
67*412f47f9SXin Li case 0:
68*412f47f9SXin Li case 1:
69*412f47f9SXin Li return y; /* atan(+-0,+anything)=+-0. */
70*412f47f9SXin Li case 2:
71*412f47f9SXin Li return Pi; /* atan(+0,-anything) = pi. */
72*412f47f9SXin Li case 3:
73*412f47f9SXin Li return -Pi; /* atan(-0,-anything) =-pi. */
74*412f47f9SXin Li }
75*412f47f9SXin Li }
76*412f47f9SXin Li /* Special case for (x, y) either on or very close to the y axis. Either x =
77*412f47f9SXin Li 0, or y is much larger than x (difference in exponents >=
78*412f47f9SXin Li POW8_EXP_UFLOW_BOUND). */
79*412f47f9SXin Li if (unlikely (iax == 0 || exp_diff <= -POW8_EXP_UFLOW_BOUND))
80*412f47f9SXin Li return sign_y ? -PiOver2 : PiOver2;
81*412f47f9SXin Li
82*412f47f9SXin Li /* Special case for either x is INF or (x, y) is very close to x axis and x is
83*412f47f9SXin Li negative. */
84*412f47f9SXin Li if (unlikely (iax == 0x7ff0000000000000
85*412f47f9SXin Li || (exp_diff >= POW8_EXP_UFLOW_BOUND && m >= 2)))
86*412f47f9SXin Li {
87*412f47f9SXin Li if (iay == 0x7ff0000000000000)
88*412f47f9SXin Li {
89*412f47f9SXin Li switch (m)
90*412f47f9SXin Li {
91*412f47f9SXin Li case 0:
92*412f47f9SXin Li return PiOver4; /* atan(+INF,+INF). */
93*412f47f9SXin Li case 1:
94*412f47f9SXin Li return -PiOver4; /* atan(-INF,+INF). */
95*412f47f9SXin Li case 2:
96*412f47f9SXin Li return 3.0 * PiOver4; /* atan(+INF,-INF). */
97*412f47f9SXin Li case 3:
98*412f47f9SXin Li return -3.0 * PiOver4; /* atan(-INF,-INF). */
99*412f47f9SXin Li }
100*412f47f9SXin Li }
101*412f47f9SXin Li else
102*412f47f9SXin Li {
103*412f47f9SXin Li switch (m)
104*412f47f9SXin Li {
105*412f47f9SXin Li case 0:
106*412f47f9SXin Li return 0.0; /* atan(+...,+INF). */
107*412f47f9SXin Li case 1:
108*412f47f9SXin Li return -0.0; /* atan(-...,+INF). */
109*412f47f9SXin Li case 2:
110*412f47f9SXin Li return Pi; /* atan(+...,-INF). */
111*412f47f9SXin Li case 3:
112*412f47f9SXin Li return -Pi; /* atan(-...,-INF). */
113*412f47f9SXin Li }
114*412f47f9SXin Li }
115*412f47f9SXin Li }
116*412f47f9SXin Li /* y is INF. */
117*412f47f9SXin Li if (iay == 0x7ff0000000000000)
118*412f47f9SXin Li return sign_y ? -PiOver2 : PiOver2;
119*412f47f9SXin Li
120*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t sign_xy = sign_x ^ sign_y;
121*412f47f9SXin Li
122*412f47f9SXin Li double ax = asdouble (iax);
123*412f47f9SXin Li double ay = asdouble (iay);
124*412f47f9SXin Li uint64_t pred_aygtax = (ay > ax);
125*412f47f9SXin Li
126*412f47f9SXin Li /* Set up z for call to atan. */
127*412f47f9SXin Li double n = pred_aygtax ? -ax : ay;
128*412f47f9SXin Li double d = pred_aygtax ? ay : ax;
129*412f47f9SXin Li double z = n / d;
130*412f47f9SXin Li
131*412f47f9SXin Li double ret;
132*412f47f9SXin Li if (unlikely (m < 2 && exp_diff >= POW8_EXP_UFLOW_BOUND))
133*412f47f9SXin Li {
134*412f47f9SXin Li /* If (x, y) is very close to x axis and x is positive, the polynomial
135*412f47f9SXin Li will underflow and evaluate to z. */
136*412f47f9SXin Li ret = z;
137*412f47f9SXin Li }
138*412f47f9SXin Li else
139*412f47f9SXin Li {
140*412f47f9SXin Li /* Work out the correct shift. */
141*412f47f9SXin Li double shift = sign_x ? -2.0 : 0.0;
142*412f47f9SXin Li shift = pred_aygtax ? shift + 1.0 : shift;
143*412f47f9SXin Li shift *= PiOver2;
144*412f47f9SXin Li
145*412f47f9SXin Li ret = eval_poly (z, z, shift);
146*412f47f9SXin Li }
147*412f47f9SXin Li
148*412f47f9SXin Li /* Account for the sign of x and y. */
149*412f47f9SXin Li return asdouble (asuint64 (ret) ^ sign_xy);
150*412f47f9SXin Li }
151*412f47f9SXin Li
152*412f47f9SXin Li /* Arity of 2 means no mathbench entry emitted. See test/mathbench_funcs.h. */
153*412f47f9SXin Li PL_SIG (S, D, 2, atan2)
154*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_ULP (atan2, 1.78)
155*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (atan2, -10.0, 10.0, 50000)
156*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (atan2, -1.0, 1.0, 40000)
157*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (atan2, 0.0, 1.0, 40000)
158*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (atan2, 1.0, 100.0, 40000)
159*412f47f9SXin Li PL_TEST_INTERVAL (atan2, 1e6, 1e32, 40000)
160