1 //! Query network interface addresses
2 //!
3 //! Uses the Linux and/or BSD specific function `getifaddrs` to query the list
4 //! of interfaces and their associated addresses.
5 
6 use cfg_if::cfg_if;
7 #[cfg(apple_targets)]
8 use std::convert::TryFrom;
9 use std::ffi;
10 use std::iter::Iterator;
11 use std::mem;
12 use std::option::Option;
13 
14 use crate::net::if_::*;
15 use crate::sys::socket::{SockaddrLike, SockaddrStorage};
16 use crate::{Errno, Result};
17 
18 /// Describes a single address for an interface as returned by `getifaddrs`.
19 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
20 pub struct InterfaceAddress {
21     /// Name of the network interface
22     pub interface_name: String,
23     /// Flags as from `SIOCGIFFLAGS` ioctl
24     pub flags: InterfaceFlags,
25     /// Network address of this interface
26     pub address: Option<SockaddrStorage>,
27     /// Netmask of this interface
28     pub netmask: Option<SockaddrStorage>,
29     /// Broadcast address of this interface, if applicable
30     pub broadcast: Option<SockaddrStorage>,
31     /// Point-to-point destination address
32     pub destination: Option<SockaddrStorage>,
33 }
34 
35 cfg_if! {
36     if #[cfg(any(linux_android, target_os = "emscripten", target_os = "fuchsia"))] {
37         fn get_ifu_from_sockaddr(info: &libc::ifaddrs) -> *const libc::sockaddr {
38             info.ifa_ifu
39         }
40     } else {
41         fn get_ifu_from_sockaddr(info: &libc::ifaddrs) -> *const libc::sockaddr {
42             info.ifa_dstaddr
43         }
44     }
45 }
46 
47 /// Workaround a bug in XNU where netmasks will always have the wrong size in
48 /// the sa_len field due to the kernel ignoring trailing zeroes in the structure
49 /// when setting the field. See https://github.com/nix-rust/nix/issues/1709#issuecomment-1199304470
50 ///
51 /// To fix this, we stack-allocate a new sockaddr_storage, zero it out, and
52 /// memcpy sa_len of the netmask to that new storage. Finally, we reset the
53 /// ss_len field to sizeof(sockaddr_storage). This is supposedly valid as all
54 /// members of the sockaddr_storage are "ok" with being zeroed out (there are
55 /// no pointers).
56 #[cfg(apple_targets)]
workaround_xnu_bug(info: &libc::ifaddrs) -> Option<SockaddrStorage>57 unsafe fn workaround_xnu_bug(info: &libc::ifaddrs) -> Option<SockaddrStorage> {
58     let src_sock = info.ifa_netmask;
59     if src_sock.is_null() {
60         return None;
61     }
62 
63     let mut dst_sock = mem::MaybeUninit::<libc::sockaddr_storage>::zeroed();
64 
65     let dst_sock = unsafe {
66         // memcpy only sa_len bytes, assume the rest is zero
67         std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping(
68             src_sock as *const u8,
69             dst_sock.as_mut_ptr().cast(),
70             (*src_sock).sa_len.into(),
71         );
72 
73         // Initialize ss_len to sizeof(libc::sockaddr_storage).
74         (*dst_sock.as_mut_ptr()).ss_len =
75             u8::try_from(mem::size_of::<libc::sockaddr_storage>()).unwrap();
76         dst_sock.assume_init()
77     };
78 
79     let dst_sock_ptr =
80         &dst_sock as *const libc::sockaddr_storage as *const libc::sockaddr;
81 
82     unsafe { SockaddrStorage::from_raw(dst_sock_ptr, None) }
83 }
84 
85 impl InterfaceAddress {
86     /// Create an `InterfaceAddress` from the libc struct.
from_libc_ifaddrs(info: &libc::ifaddrs) -> InterfaceAddress87     fn from_libc_ifaddrs(info: &libc::ifaddrs) -> InterfaceAddress {
88         let ifname = unsafe { ffi::CStr::from_ptr(info.ifa_name) };
89         let address = unsafe { SockaddrStorage::from_raw(info.ifa_addr, None) };
90         #[cfg(apple_targets)]
91         let netmask = unsafe { workaround_xnu_bug(info) };
92         #[cfg(not(apple_targets))]
93         let netmask =
94             unsafe { SockaddrStorage::from_raw(info.ifa_netmask, None) };
95         let mut addr = InterfaceAddress {
96             interface_name: ifname.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
97             flags: InterfaceFlags::from_bits_truncate(
98                 info.ifa_flags as IflagsType,
99             ),
100             address,
101             netmask,
102             broadcast: None,
103             destination: None,
104         };
105 
106         let ifu = get_ifu_from_sockaddr(info);
107         if addr.flags.contains(InterfaceFlags::IFF_POINTOPOINT) {
108             addr.destination = unsafe { SockaddrStorage::from_raw(ifu, None) };
109         } else if addr.flags.contains(InterfaceFlags::IFF_BROADCAST) {
110             addr.broadcast = unsafe { SockaddrStorage::from_raw(ifu, None) };
111         }
112 
113         addr
114     }
115 }
116 
117 /// Holds the results of `getifaddrs`.
118 ///
119 /// Use the function `getifaddrs` to create this Iterator. Note that the
120 /// actual list of interfaces can be iterated once and will be freed as
121 /// soon as the Iterator goes out of scope.
122 #[derive(Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)]
123 pub struct InterfaceAddressIterator {
124     base: *mut libc::ifaddrs,
125     next: *mut libc::ifaddrs,
126 }
127 
128 impl Drop for InterfaceAddressIterator {
drop(&mut self)129     fn drop(&mut self) {
130         unsafe { libc::freeifaddrs(self.base) };
131     }
132 }
133 
134 impl Iterator for InterfaceAddressIterator {
135     type Item = InterfaceAddress;
next(&mut self) -> Option<<Self as Iterator>::Item>136     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<<Self as Iterator>::Item> {
137         match unsafe { self.next.as_ref() } {
138             Some(ifaddr) => {
139                 self.next = ifaddr.ifa_next;
140                 Some(InterfaceAddress::from_libc_ifaddrs(ifaddr))
141             }
142             None => None,
143         }
144     }
145 }
146 
147 /// Get interface addresses using libc's `getifaddrs`
148 ///
149 /// Note that the underlying implementation differs between OSes. Only the
150 /// most common address families are supported by the nix crate (due to
151 /// lack of time and complexity of testing). The address family is encoded
152 /// in the specific variant of `SockaddrStorage` returned for the fields
153 /// `address`, `netmask`, `broadcast`, and `destination`. For any entry not
154 /// supported, the returned list will contain a `None` entry.
155 ///
156 /// # Example
157 /// ```
158 /// let addrs = nix::ifaddrs::getifaddrs().unwrap();
159 /// for ifaddr in addrs {
160 ///   match ifaddr.address {
161 ///     Some(address) => {
162 ///       println!("interface {} address {}",
163 ///                ifaddr.interface_name, address);
164 ///     },
165 ///     None => {
166 ///       println!("interface {} with unsupported address family",
167 ///                ifaddr.interface_name);
168 ///     }
169 ///   }
170 /// }
171 /// ```
getifaddrs() -> Result<InterfaceAddressIterator>172 pub fn getifaddrs() -> Result<InterfaceAddressIterator> {
173     let mut addrs = mem::MaybeUninit::<*mut libc::ifaddrs>::uninit();
174     unsafe {
175         Errno::result(libc::getifaddrs(addrs.as_mut_ptr())).map(|_| {
176             InterfaceAddressIterator {
177                 base: addrs.assume_init(),
178                 next: addrs.assume_init(),
179             }
180         })
181     }
182 }
183 
184 #[cfg(test)]
185 mod tests {
186     use super::*;
187 
188     // Only checks if `getifaddrs` can be invoked without panicking.
189     #[test]
test_getifaddrs()190     fn test_getifaddrs() {
191         let _ = getifaddrs();
192     }
193 
194     // Ensures getting the netmask works, and in particular that
195     // `workaround_xnu_bug` works properly.
196     #[test]
test_getifaddrs_netmask_correct()197     fn test_getifaddrs_netmask_correct() {
198         let addrs = getifaddrs().unwrap();
199         for iface in addrs {
200             let sock = if let Some(sock) = iface.netmask {
201                 sock
202             } else {
203                 continue;
204             };
205             if sock.family() == Some(crate::sys::socket::AddressFamily::Inet) {
206                 let _ = sock.as_sockaddr_in().unwrap();
207                 return;
208             } else if sock.family()
209                 == Some(crate::sys::socket::AddressFamily::Inet6)
210             {
211                 let _ = sock.as_sockaddr_in6().unwrap();
212                 return;
213             }
214         }
215         panic!("No address?");
216     }
217 }
218