.. _module-pw_build-python: =================== Python GN Templates =================== .. pigweed-module-subpage:: :name: pw_build The Python build is implemented with GN templates defined in ``pw_build/python.gni``. See the .gni file for complete usage documentation. .. seealso:: - :bdg-ref-primary-line:`docs-python-build` for an overview on how Python in GN is built. - The :bdg-ref-primary-line:`module-pw_build` docs for other GN templates available within Pigweed. .. _module-pw_build-python-base-templates: --------------------- Python Base Templates --------------------- The core subset of templates where you can create Python packages, actions, scripts and group them together are listed below. - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_package` - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_action` - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_script` - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_group` .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_package: pw_python_package ================= The main Python template is ``pw_python_package``. Each ``pw_python_package`` target represents a Python package. As described in :ref:`module-pw_build-python-target`, each ``pw_python_package`` expands to several subtargets. In summary, these are: - ```` - Represents the files themselves - ``.lint`` - Runs static analysis - ``.tests`` - Runs all tests for this package - ``.install`` - Installs the package - ``.wheel`` - Builds a Python wheel GN permits using abbreviated labels when the target name matches the directory name (e.g. ``//foo`` for ``//foo:foo``). For consistency with this, Python package subtargets are aliased to the directory when the target name is the same as the directory. For example, these two labels are equivalent: .. code-block:: //path/to/my_python_package:my_python_package.tests //path/to/my_python_package:tests The actions in a ``pw_python_package`` (e.g. installing packages and running Pylint) are done within a single GN toolchain to avoid duplication in multi-toolchain builds. This toolchain can be set with the ``pw_build_PYTHON_TOOLCHAIN`` GN arg, which defaults to ``$dir_pw_build/python_toolchain:python``. .. note:: By default, ``.lint`` and ``.tests`` will transitively test and lint any dependencies. This is done for backwards compatibility, but if you don't rely on this behavior you should turn this off by adding ``pw_build_TEST_TRANSITIVE_PYTHON_DEPS = false`` to your project's ``.gn`` file. Arguments --------- - ``setup`` - List of setup file paths (setup.cfg and pyproject.toml), which must all be in the same directory. - ``generate_setup``: As an alternative to ``setup``, generate setup files with the keywords in this scope. ``name`` is required. This follows the same structure as a ``setup.cfg`` file's `declarative config `_ For example: .. code-block:: generate_setup = { metadata = { name = "a_nifty_package" version = "1.2a" } options = { install_requires = [ "a_pip_package" ] } } - ``sources`` - Python sources files in the package. - ``tests`` - Test files for this Python package. .. tip:: It is best to keep these files within the same folder as the ``BUILD.gn`` and not nested within another folder that contains an ``__init__.py`` file. That could cause your tests to be included within the package distributions (See :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_distribution`). For example pip installed into the bootstrapped Python virtual environment or as part of a Python wheel. If you need to nest your test source files under a sub-folder exclude it in the ``setup.cfg`` file with: .. code-block:: cfg [options] packages = find: # Exclude the tests and test_scripts folders. [options.packages.find] exclude = tests test_scripts - ``python_deps`` - Dependencies on other pw_python_packages in the GN build. - ``python_test_deps`` - Test-only pw_python_package dependencies. - ``other_deps`` - Dependencies on GN targets that are not pw_python_packages. - ``inputs`` - Other files to track, such as package_data. - ``proto_library`` - A pw_proto_library target to embed in this Python package. ``generate_setup`` is required in place of setup if proto_library is used. See :ref:`module-pw_protobuf_compiler-add-to-python-package`. - ``static_analysis`` List of static analysis tools to run; ``"*"`` (default) runs all tools. The supported tools are ``"mypy"`` and ``"pylint"``. - ``pylintrc`` - Optional path to a pylintrc configuration file to use. If not provided, Pylint's default rcfile search is used. Pylint is executed from the package's setup directory, so pylintrc files in that directory will take precedence over others. - ``mypy_ini`` - Optional path to a mypy configuration file to use. If not provided, mypy's default configuration file search is used. mypy is executed from the package's setup directory, so mypy.ini files in that directory will take precedence over others. Example ------- This is an example Python package declaration for a ``pw_my_module`` module. .. code-block:: import("//build_overrides/pigweed.gni") import("$dir_pw_build/python.gni") pw_python_package("py") { setup = [ "pyproject.toml", "setup.cfg", ] sources = [ "pw_my_module/__init__.py", "pw_my_module/alfa.py", "pw_my_module/bravo.py", "pw_my_module/charlie.py", ] tests = [ "alfa_test.py", "charlie_test.py", ] python_deps = [ "$dir_pw_status/py", ":some_protos.python", ] python_test_deps = [ "$dir_pw_build/py" ] pylintrc = "$dir_pigweed/.pylintrc" } .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_action: pw_python_action ================ The ``pw_python_action`` template is a convenience wrapper around GN's `action function `_ for running Python scripts. See :bdg-ref-primary-line:`module-pw_build-python-action` in the ``pw_build`` documentation for usage. .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_script: pw_python_script ================ A ``pw_python_script`` represents a set of standalone Python scripts and/or tests. These files support all of the arguments of ``pw_python_package`` except those ``setup``. These targets can be installed, but this only installs their dependencies. ``pw_python_script`` allows creating a :ref:`pw_python_action ` associated with the script. To create an action, pass an ``action`` scope to ``pw_python_script``. If there is only a single source file, it serves as the action's ``script`` by default. An action in ``pw_python_script`` can always be replaced with a standalone ``pw_python_action``, but using the embedded action has some advantages: - The embedded action target bridges the gap between actions and Python targets. A Python script can be expressed in a single, concise GN target, rather than in two overlapping, dependent targets. - The action automatically depends on the ``pw_python_script``. This ensures that the script's dependencies are installed and the action automatically reruns when the script's sources change, without needing to specify a dependency, a step which is easy to forget. - Using a ``pw_python_script`` with an embedded action is a simple way to check an existing action's script with Pylint or Mypy or to add tests. .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_group: pw_python_group =============== Represents a group of ``pw_python_package`` and ``pw_python_script`` targets. These targets do not add any files. Their subtargets simply forward to those of their dependencies. .. code-block:: pw_python_group("solar_system_python_packages") { python_deps = [ "//planets/mercury/py", "//planets/venus/py", "//planets/earth/py", "//planets/mars/py", "//planets/jupiter/py", "//planets/saturn/py", "//planets/uranus/py", "//planets/neptune/py", "//planetoids/ceres/py", "//planetoids/pluto/py", ] } ---------------------------- Python Environment Templates ---------------------------- Templates that manage the Python build and bootstrap environment are listed here. - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_venv` - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_pip_install` .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_venv: pw_python_venv ============== Defines and creates a Python virtualenv. This template is used by Pigweed in https://cs.pigweed.dev/pigweed/+/main:pw_env_setup/BUILD.gn to create a virtualenv for use within the GN build that all Python actions will run in. Example ------- .. code-block:: :caption: Example of a typical Python venv definition in a top level :octicon:`file;1em` ``BUILD.gn`` declare_args() { pw_build_PYTHON_BUILD_VENV = "//:my_build_venv" } pw_python_group("my_product_packages") { python_deps = [ "//product_dev_tools/py", "//product_release_tools/py", ] } pw_python_venv("my_build_venv") { path = "$root_build_dir/python-build-venv" constraints = [ "//tools/constraints.list" ] requirements = [ "//tools/requirements.txt" ] source_packages = [ "$dir_pw_env_setup:core_pigweed_python_packages", "//tools:another_pw_python_package", "//:my_product_packages", ] pip_generate_hashes = true } Arguments --------- - ``path``: The directory where the virtualenv will be created. This is relative to the GN root and must begin with "$root_build_dir/" if it lives in the output directory or "//" if it lives in elsewhere. - ``constraints``: A list of constraint files used when performing pip install into this virtualenv. By default this is set to the ``pw_build_PIP_CONSTRAINTS`` GN arg. - ``requirements``: A list of requirements files to install into this virtualenv on creation. By default this is set to the ``pw_build_PIP_REQUIREMENTS`` GN arg. .. seealso:: For more info on the ``pw_build_PIP_CONSTRAINTS`` and ``pw_build_PIP_REQUIREMENTS`` GN args see: :ref:`docs-python-build-python-gn-requirements-files` - ``pip_generate_hashes``: (Default: false) Use ``--generate-hashes`` When running ``pip-compile `` to compute the final ``requirements.txt`` - ``source_packages``: A list of in-tree :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_package` or targets that will be checked for external third_party pip dependencies to install into this virtualenv. Note this list of targets isn't actually installed into the virtualenv. Only packages defined inside the ``[options] install_requires`` section of each pw_python_package's setup.cfg will be pip installed. .. seealso:: For an example ``setup.cfg`` file see: `Configuring setuptools using setup.cfg files `_ - ``output_logs``: (Default: true) If this is true then the virtual environment will output to logs. .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_pip_install: pw_python_pip_install ===================== This will pip install ``pw_python_package`` targets into the bootstrapped developer environment. Example ------- .. code-block:: :caption: Example of a typical Python venv definition in a top level :octicon:`file;1em` ``BUILD.gn`` pw_python_pip_install("pip_install_my_product_packages") { packages = [ "//product_dev_tools/py", "//product_release_tools/py", ] } Arguments --------- - ``packages``: A list of :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_package` targets to be pip installed. All packages specified will be installed using a single ``pip install`` command with a ``--constraint`` argument for each constraint file in the ``pw_build_PIP_CONSTRAINTS`` GN arg. - ``editable``: If true, --editable is passed to the pip install command. - ``force_reinstall``: If true, ``--force-reinstall`` is passed to the pip install command. .. _module-pw_build-python-dist: ------------------------------ Python Distributable Templates ------------------------------ Pigweed also provides some templates to make it easier to bundle Python packages for deployment. These templates are found in ``pw_build/python_dist.gni``. - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_wheels` - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_zip_with_setup` - :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_distribution` .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_wheels: pw_python_wheels ================ Collects Python wheels for one or more ``pw_python_package`` targets, plus any additional ``pw_python_package`` targets they depend on, directly or indirectly. Note that this does not include Python dependencies that come from outside the GN build, like packages from PyPI, for example. Those should still be declared in the package's ``setup.cfg`` file as usual. Arguments --------- - ``packages`` - List of ``pw_python_package`` targets whose wheels should be included; their dependencies will be pulled in as wheels also. - ``directory`` - Output directory for the collected wheels. Defaults to ``$target_out_dir/$target_name``. Wheel collection under the hood ------------------------------- The ``.wheel`` subtarget of every ``pw_python_package`` generates a wheel (``.whl``) for the Python package. The ``pw_python_wheels`` template figures out which wheels to collect by traversing the ``pw_python_package_wheels`` `GN metadata `_ key, which lists the output directory for each wheel. .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_zip_with_setup: pw_python_zip_with_setup ======================== Generates a ``.zip`` archive suitable for deployment outside of the project's developer environment. The generated ``.zip`` contains Python wheels (``.whl`` files) for one or more ``pw_python_package`` targets, plus wheels for any additional ``pw_python_package`` targets in the GN build they depend on, directly or indirectly. Dependencies from outside the GN build, such as packages from PyPI, must be listed in packages' ``setup.cfg`` file as usual. The ``.zip`` also includes simple setup scripts for Linux, MacOS, and Windows. The setup scripts automatically create a Python virtual environment and install the whole collection of wheels into it using ``pip``. Optionally, additional files and directories can be included in the archive. One common example of an additional file to include is a README file with setup and usage instructions for the distributable. A simple ready-to-use README file is available at ``pw_build/py_dist/README.md``. Arguments --------- - ``packages`` - A list of `pw_python_package` targets whose wheels should be included; their dependencies will be pulled in as wheels also. - ``inputs`` - An optional list of extra files to include in the generated ``.zip``, formatted the same way as the ``inputs`` argument to ``pw_zip`` targets. - ``dirs`` - An optional list of directories to include in the generated ``.zip``, formatted the same was as the ``dirs`` argument to ``pw_zip`` targets. Example ------- .. code-block:: import("//build_overrides/pigweed.gni") import("$dir_pw_build/python_dist.gni") pw_python_zip_with_setup("my_tools") { packages = [ ":some_python_package" ] inputs = [ "$dir_pw_build/python_dist/README.md > /${target_name}/" ] } .. _module-pw_build-pw_python_distribution: pw_python_distribution ====================== Generates a directory of Python packages from source files suitable for deployment outside of the project developer environment. The resulting directory contains only files mentioned in each package's ``setup.cfg`` file. This is useful for bundling multiple Python packages up into a single package for distribution to other locations like ``_. Arguments --------- - ``packages`` - A list of :ref:`module-pw_build-pw_python_package` targets to be installed into the build directory. Their dependencies will be pulled in as wheels also. - ``include_tests`` - If true, copy Python package tests to a ``tests`` subdir. - ``extra_files`` - A list of extra files that should be included in the output. The format of each item in this list follows this convention: .. code-block:: text //some/nested/source_file > nested/destination_file - Source and destination file should be separated by ``>``. - The source file should be a GN target label (starting with ``//``). - The destination file will be relative to the generated output directory. Parent directories are automatically created for each file. If a file would be overwritten an error is raised. - ``generate_setup_cfg`` - If included, create a merged ``setup.cfg`` for all python Packages using either a ``common_config_file`` as a base or ``name`` and ``version`` strings. The ``common_config_file`` should contain the required fields in the ``metadata`` and ``options`` sections as shown in `Configuring setup() using setup.cfg files `_. This scope can optionally include: - ``append_git_sha_to_version = true``: Append the current git SHA to the package version string after a ``+`` sign. - ``append_date_to_version = true``: Append the current date to the package version string after a ``+`` sign. - ``include_default_pyproject_file = true``: Include a standard ``pyproject.toml`` file in the output. - ``include_extra_files_in_package_data = true``: Add any ``extra_files`` entries to the generated ``setup.cfg`` file under the ``[options.package_data]`` section. - ``auto_create_package_data_init_py_files = true``: (Default: true) Create ``__init__.py`` files as needed in all subdirs of ``extra_files`` when including in ``[options.package_data]``. .. code-block:: :caption: :octicon:`file;1em` Example using a common setup.cfg and pyproject.toml files. generate_setup_cfg = { common_config_file = "pypi_common_setup.cfg" append_date_to_version = true } extra_files = [ "//source/pyproject.toml > pyproject.toml" ] .. code-block:: :caption: :octicon:`file;1em` Example using name and version strings and a default pyproject.toml file. generate_setup_cfg = { name = "awesome" version = "1.0.0" include_default_pyproject_file = true append_date_to_version = true } Using this template will create an additional target for and building a Python wheel. For example if you define ``pw_python_distribution("awesome")`` the resulting targets that get created will be: - ``awesome`` - This will create the merged package with all source files in place in the out directory under ``out/obj/awesome/``. - ``awesome.wheel`` - This builds a Python wheel from the above source files under ``out/obj/awesome._build_wheel/awesome*.whl``. Example ------- .. code-block:: :caption: :octicon:`file;1em` ./pw_env_setup/BUILD.gn import("//build_overrides/pigweed.gni") import("$dir_pw_build/python_dist.gni") pw_python_distribution("build_python_source_tree") { packages = [ ":some_python_package", ":another_python_package", ] include_tests = true extra_files = [ "//README.md > ./README.md", "//some_python_package/py/BUILD.bazel > some_python_package/BUILD.bazel", "//another_python_package/py/BUILD.bazel > another_python_package/BUILD.bazel", ] generate_setup_cfg = { common_config_file = "pypi_common_setup.cfg" append_git_sha_to_version = true append_date_to_version = true } } .. code-block:: text :caption: :octicon:`file-directory;1em` ./out/obj/pw_env_setup/build_python_source_tree/ $ tree ./out/obj/pw_env_setup/build_python_source_tree/ ├── README.md ├── setup.cfg ├── some_python_package │ ├── BUILD.bazel │ ├── __init__.py │ ├── py.typed │ ├── some_source_file.py │ └── tests │ └── some_source_test.py └── another_python_package ├── BUILD.bazel ├── __init__.py ├── another_source_file.py ├── py.typed └── tests └── another_source_test.py